Молекулярно-генетические аспекты внутрипеченочного холангиоцеллюлярного рака: обзор литературы

Современная концепция как терапии, так и хирургического лечения внутрипеченочного холангиоцеллюлярного рака должна учитывать достижения молекулярной биологии и современные принципы стадирования заболевания. Детальное понимание молекулярных (генетических и эпигенетических) нарушений, лежащих в основе патогенеза холангиокарциномы, позволит улучшить результаты хирургического лечения и расширит возможности персонализированной (таргетной) терапии. Основанное на новых данных о холангиоканцерогенезе молекулярное профилирование опухолей желчных протоков может быть наиболее целесообразным для подбора лечения в случаях, рефрактерных к стандартной терапии. Современные потенциальные мишени таргетной терапии включают рецепторы эндотелиального фактора роста, фактора роста фибробластов, MET тирозинкиназы, сигнальный путь PI3K/Akt/mTOR и мутации изоцитратдегидрогеназы. В обзоре рассматриваются молекулярно-генетические аспекты, лежащие в основе патогенеза, и современные принципы стадирования внутрипеченочного холангиоцеллюлярного рака.

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