Перспективы таргетной терапии глиом низкой степени злокачественности у детей

Глиомы низкой степени злокачественности являются преобладающим большинством в структуре опухолей головного мозга у детей. Достичь локального и системного контроля над опухолью возможно при полном удалении образования. Сложная локализация глубоко расположенных и диффузно растущих опухолей ограничивает объем оперативного вмешательства и требует поиска, а также совершенствования методов консервативного лечения данной нозологической группы. Необходимы более эффективные виды лечения как для преодоления рефрактерного течения заболевания, так и для минимизации токсичности, связанной с обычной адъювантной химиотерапией и различными видами лучевой терапии. С учетом того, что в основе молекулярного патогенеза большинства глиом низкой степени злокачественности лежит активация сигнальных путей МАРК (mitogen activated protein kinase) и mTOR (мишени рапамицина млекопитающих), наиболее перспективными агентами – таргетными препаратами являются BRAF, MEK и mTOR-ингибиторы. Тем не менее целый ряд других соединений был исследован в целях поиска перспективных агентов для таргетной терапии при опухолях указанного типа. Обзор суммирует новейшие данные литературы, посвященной новым препаратам при глиоме низкой степени злокачественности.

глиома низкой степени злокачественности, таргетная терапия, слияние BRAF:KIAA1549, мутация BRAFV600, субэпендимальная гигантоклеточная астроцитома, mTOR, ингибитор тирозинкиназы

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