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Успехи молекулярной онкологии

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Нарушение метилирования ДНК при злокачественных новообразованиях

https://doi.org/10.17650/2313-805X-2022-9-4-24-40

Аннотация

Метилирование ДНК представляет собой модификацию хроматина, которая играет важную роль в эпигенетической регуляции экспрессии генов. Изменение паттернов метилирования ДНК характерно для многих злокачественных новообразований. Метилирование ДНК осуществляется ДНК-метилтрансферазами (DNMTs), в то время как деметилирование происходит под действием метилцитозиновых диоксигеназ, или белков семейства TET. Мутации и изменение профиля экспрессии данных ферментов, приводящие к гипо- и гиперметилированию ДНК, могут оказывать сильное влияние на канцерогенез.
В обзоре рассмотрены ключевые аспекты механизмов регуляции метилирования и деметилирования ДНК, а также проведен анализ роли ДНК-метилтрансфераз и белков семейства ТЕТ в патогенезе различных злокачественных новообразований.
При подготовке обзора были использованы информационные базы биомедицинской литературы Scopus (504), PubMed (553), Web of Science (1568), eLibrary (190), для получения полнотекстовых документов – электронные ресурсы PubMed Central (PMC), Science Direct, Research Gate, КиберЛенинка, для анализа мутационного профиля эпигенетических регуляторных ферментов – портал cBioportal (https://www.cbioportal.org / ), данные проекта The AACR Project GENIE Consortium (https://www.mycancergenome.org / ), базы данных COSMIC, Clinvar и Атласа генома рака (The Cancer Genome Atlas, TCGA).

Об авторах

В. П. Максимова
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России
Россия

115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24



О. Г. Усалка
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России
Россия

115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24

119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2



Ю. В. Макусь
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»
Россия

115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24

117198 Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6



В. Г. Попова
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Российский химико-технологический университет им. Д. И. Менделеева»
Россия

115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24

125047 Москва, Миусская площадь, 9



Е. С. Трапезникова
ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России
Россия

119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2



Г. И. Хайриева
ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России
Россия

119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2



Г. Р. Сагитова
ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России
Россия

119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2



Е. М. Жидкова
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России
Россия

115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24



А. Ю. Прус
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; 5ФГБУ ВО «МИРЭА - Российский технологический университет»
Россия

115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24

119454 Москва, проспект Вернадского, 78



М. Г. Якубовская
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России
Россия

115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24



К. И. Кирсанов
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»
Россия

Кирилл Игоревич Кирсанов

115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24

117198 Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6



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Рецензия

Для цитирования:


Максимова В.П., Усалка О.Г., Макусь Ю.В., Попова В.Г., Трапезникова Е.С., Хайриева Г.И., Сагитова Г.Р., Жидкова Е.М., Прус А.Ю., Якубовская М.Г., Кирсанов К.И. Нарушение метилирования ДНК при злокачественных новообразованиях. Успехи молекулярной онкологии. 2022;9(4):24‑40. https://doi.org/10.17650/2313-805X-2022-9-4-24-40

For citation:


Maksimova V.P., Usalka O.G., Makus Yu.V., Popova V.G., Trapeznikova E.S., Khayrieva G.I., Sagitova G.R., Zhidkova E.M., Prus A.Yu., Yakubovskaya M.G., Kirsanov K.I. Aberrations of DNA methylation in cancer. Advances in Molecular Oncology. 2022;9(4):24‑40. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17650/2313-805X-2022-9-4-24-40

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