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Успехи молекулярной онкологии

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Иммунотерапия гастроинтестинальных стромальных опухолей: состояние вопроса и перспективы

https://doi.org/10.17650/2313-805X-2023-10-2-17-29

Аннотация

Гастроинтестинальные стромальные опухоли (ГИСО) происходят от веретеновидных интерстициальных клеток кахаля и характеризуются наличием мутаций в генах KIT и PDGFRA, кодирующих одноименные тирозинкиназные  рецепторы. Основным принципом лекарственной терапии пациентов с данными новообразованиями (в том числе неоперабельных, рецидивирующих и метастатических форм) является назначение им таргетных препаратов, ингибирующих активность вышеуказанных рецепторных тирозинкиназ. Несмотря на высокую эффективность этих лекарственных средств, в первую очередь иматиниба мезилата (гливека), в лечении ГИСО, у подавляющего большинства пациентов спустя 1,5–2 года после начала таргетной терапии развивается резистентность опухоли к данным препаратам, что диктует необходимость пересмотра тактики лечения и последующего назначения препаратов терапии 2, 3 и 4-й линий. в обзоре рассматриваются основные молекулярно-генетические варианты ГИСО, современные принципы их лечения, а также механизмы первичной и вторичной резистентности данных новообразований к таргетным препаратам. Также описываются механизмы взаимодействия клеток иммунной системы с ГИСО, взаимосвязь мутационного и иммунного профилей опухолей, перспективные подходы к иммунотерапии этих новообразований и приводятся данные о текущих клинических испытаниях, направленных на коррекцию основных звеньев иммунной системы у пациентов с ГИСО.

Об авторах

С. В. Бойчук
ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет»; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России
Россия

Бойчук Сергей Васильевич - кафедра общей патологии ФГБОУ ВО «КГМУ» Минздрава России; Научно-исследовательская лаборатория «Биомаркер», Институт фундаментальной медицины и биологии, ФГАОУ ВО «КФУ»; кафедра радиотерапии и радиологии ФГБОУ ДПО «РМАНПО» Минздрава России.

420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, 49; 420008 Казань, ул. Кремлевская, 18, корп. 1; 125993 Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1



С. А. Абдураева
ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России
Россия

Кафедра общей патологии ФГБОУ ВО «КГМУ» Минздрава России.

420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, 49



П. Б. Копнин
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России
Россия

115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24



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Рецензия

Для цитирования:


Бойчук С.В., Абдураева С.А., Копнин П.Б. Иммунотерапия гастроинтестинальных стромальных опухолей: состояние вопроса и перспективы. Успехи молекулярной онкологии. 2023;10(2):17-29. https://doi.org/10.17650/2313-805X-2023-10-2-17-29

For citation:


Boichuk S.V., Abduraeva S.A., Kopnin P.B. Immunotherapy of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: current view and future directions. Advances in Molecular Oncology. 2023;10(2):17-29. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17650/2313-805X-2023-10-2-17-29

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ISSN 2313-805X (Print)
ISSN 2413-3787 (Online)