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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Успехи молекулярной онкологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-805X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">412</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2313-805X-2022-9-1-8-19</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Clinical significance of the phenotype of immune cells of the tumor stroma of prostate cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиническая значимость фенотипа иммунных клеток опухолевой стромы рака предстательной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2312-5546</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Podlesnaya</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подлесная</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Polina Alekseevna Podlesnaya </bold></p><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Полина Алексеевна Подлесная</bold>  </p><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><email>polina.pod@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6132-9924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovaleva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3267-4232</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rashidova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рашидова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5639-0835</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoilova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойлова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6951-3996</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петренко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5275-7134</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mochalnikova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мочальникова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2137-1866</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gratchev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грачев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Cancer Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-03-18"><day>18</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-03-18"><day>18</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Podlesnaya P.A., Kovaleva O.V., Rashidova M.A., Samoilova D.V., Petrenko A.A., Mochalnikova V.V., Gratchev A.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Подлесная П.А., Ковалева О.В., Рашидова М.А., Самойлова Д.В., Петренко А.А., Мочальникова В.В., Грачев А.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Podlesnaya P.A., Kovaleva O.V., Rashidova M.A., Samoilova D.V., Petrenko A.A., Mochalnikova V.V., Gratchev A.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Подлесная П.А., Ковалева О.В., Рашидова М.А., Самойлова Д.В., Петренко А.А., Мочальникова В.В., Грачев А.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/412">https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/412</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Prostate cancer is by far the most frequently diagnosed cancer among the male population and ranks fifth in the world in terms of mortality rates among malignant neoplasms. Today it is known that the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Abundant data has accumulated indicating that cells of the inflammatory infiltrate of the tumor are involved in the onset, progression and response to treatment in cases of prostate cancer. However, their role in the context of disease progression has not yet been determined. In this work, we studied the phenotype of inflammatory infiltrate of prostate cancer and its association with the clinical and morphological characteristics of patients.<bold>The study objective</bold> is to determine the features of the inflammatory infiltrate of prostate cancer and its association with the clinical and morphological characteristics of patients with this disease.<bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The study included tumor samples obtained from 31 patients with prostate cancer. The expression of CD3, CD8, FoxP3, CD68, PU.1, CD204, CD163, IDO1, PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between markers and clinical and morphological characteristics was assessed using the nonparametric Mann–Whitney test and Fisher’s exact test. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlations between contents of cells of different phenotypes. Differences were considered statistically significant at p &lt;0.05.<bold>Results.</bold> This study describes the features of the stroma of prostate cancer. We have shown that an increased content of CD204+ cells is associated with an older age of patients (p = 0.0026), and the number of CD163+ and CD8+ cells with no metastases to regional lymph nodes (p = 0.0067 and p = 0.0069, respectively). It has been shown that PU.1 can be used as a general marker of macrophages. We also found significant correlations between the level of PU.1 and PD-L1 in the stroma (r = 0.421; p = 0.018) and IDO1 in the stroma (r = 0.557; p = 0.001) and in tumor cells (r = 0.393; p = 0.029), CD68 with IDO1 in the stroma (r = 0.535; p = 0.002), CD163 with PD-L1 and IDO1 in the stroma (r = 0.399; p = 0.026 and r = 0.220; p = 0.026, respectively).<bold>Conclusion.</bold> In this work, the characteristics of the stroma of prostate cancer were investigated. Our data indicate that tumor associated macrophages are the main cells expressing PD-L1 and IDO1 in the tumor stroma in the case of prostate cancer. Increased expression of IDO1 in tumor tissue is associated with the immunosuppressive phenotype of the inflammatory infiltrate. The fact that the number of macrophages directly correlates with the number of T-lymphocytes in the prostate stroma, and the number of M2 macrophages with cytotoxic T-cells indicates the interaction of the mechanisms of innate and acquired immunity during the progression of prostate cancer.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>Рак предстательной железы на сегодняшний день является наиболее часто диагностируемым онкологическим заболеванием среди мужского населения и занимает 5-е место в мире по показателям смертности среди злокачественных новообразований. Известно, что микроокружение опухоли играет большую роль в патогенезе заболевания. Накоплено много данных, свидетельствующих о том, что клетки воспалительного инфильтрата опухоли участвуют в возникновении, прогрессии и ответе на лечение в случаях рака предстательной железы. Однако их роль в контексте прогрессии заболевания еще не определена. в статье представлено исследование фенотипа воспалительного инфильтрата рака предстательной железы и его ассоциации с клинико-морфологическими характеристиками пациентов.<bold>Цель исследования</bold> – определение особенностей воспалительного инфильтрата рака предстательной железы и его ассоциации с клинико-морфологическими характеристиками пациентов с данным заболеванием.<bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В исследование были включены образцы опухолей, полученные от 31 пациента с раком предстательной железы. С помощью иммуногистохимического исследования проанализирована экспрессия CD3, CD8, FoxP3, CD68, PU.1, CD204, CD163, IDO1 и PD-L1 (лиганда рецептора программируемой клеточной гибели 1). Для определения взаимосвязи маркеров и клинико-морфологических характеристик пациентов использовались непараметрический критерий манна–Уитни и точный критерий фишера. Для анализа корреляций между содержанием клеток различных фенотипов применяли коэффициент ранговой корреляции спирмена. во всех анализах значение p ≤0,05 считалось статистически значимым.<bold>Результаты.</bold> В ходе исследования определены особенности стромы рака предстательной железы. Было продемонстрировано, что повышенное содержание CD204+-клеток ассоциировано с более старшим возрастом пациентов (р = 0,0026), а количество CD163+- и CD8+-клеток – с отсутствием метастазов в регионарные лимфатические узлы (р = 0,0067 и р = 0,0069 соответственно). Показано, что PU.1 может быть использован как общий маркер макрофагов. Также мы выявили достоверные корреляции уровня PU.1 с PD-L1 в строме (r = 0,421; р = 0,018), IDO1 в строме (r = 0,557; p = 0,001) и опухолевых клетках (r = 0,393; р = 0,029), а также CD68 c IDO1 (r = 0,535; p = 0,002) и сD163 c PDL1 и IDO1 в строме (r = 0,399; p = 0,026 и r = 0,220; p = 0,026 соответственно).<bold>Заключение.</bold> Были исследованы характеристики стромы рака предстательной железы. полученные данные указывают на то, что основными клетками, экспрессирующими PD-L1 и IDO1 в строме опухоли, в случае рака предстательной железы являются макрофаги, инфильтрирующие опухоль. Повышенная экспрессия IDO1 в опухолевой ткани ассоциирована с иммуносупрессорным фенотипом воспалительного инфильтрата. тот факт, что количество макрофагов прямо коррелирует с количеством т-лимфоцитов в строме рака предстательной железы, а уровень содержания макрофагов 2-го типа – с цитотоксическими т-клетками, свидетельствует о взаимодействии механизмов врожденного и приобретенного иммунитета в процессе прогрессии опухоли.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>microenvironment</kwd><kwd>inflammatory infiltrate</kwd><kwd>stroma</kwd><kwd>T-lymphocytes</kwd><kwd>macrophages</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>микроокружение опухоли</kwd><kwd>воспалительный инфильтрат</kwd><kwd>строма</kwd><kwd>т-лимфоциты</kwd><kwd>макрофаги</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed with the support of Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant No. 18-29-09069).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (грант № 18-29-09069).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. 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