Advances in Molecular OncologyAdvances in Molecular OncologyУспехи молекулярной онкологии2313-805X2413-3787Publishing House ABV Press43610.17650/2313-805X-2022-9-2-23-31REVIEW ARTICLESОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИMilk exosomes as delivery agents for therapy of cancer diseasesЭкзосомы молока в качестве агентов доставки терапевтически значимых препаратов при онкологических заболеванияхhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0882-8171SedykhS. E.СедыхС. Е.
Russian Federation

Sergey Evgenievich Sedykh

8 Prospect Akademika Lavrentieva; Novosibirsk 630090;

2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090

Сергей Евгеньевич Седых

630090 Новосибирск, проспект Академика Лаврентьева, 8;

630090 Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 2

sedyh@niboch.nsc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1270-7164TimofeevaA. M.ТимофееваА. М.
Russian Federation

8 Prospect Akademika Lavrentieva; Novosibirsk 630090

630090 Новосибирск, проспект Академика Лаврентьева, 8

KuleshovaA. E.КулешоваА. Е.
Russian Federation

8 Prospect Akademika Lavrentieva; Novosibirsk 630090

630090 Новосибирск, проспект Академика Лаврентьева, 8

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4988-8923NevinskiyG. A.НевинскийГ. А.
Russian Federation

8 Prospect Akademika Lavrentieva; Novosibirsk 630090;

2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090

630090 Новосибирск, проспект Академика Лаврентьева, 8;

630090 Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 2

Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesФГБУН «Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»Novosibirsk National Research State UniversityФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»150520229223312406202224062022Copyright ©; 2022, Sedykh S.E., Timofeeva A.M., Kuleshova A.E., Nevinskiy G.A.Copyright ©; 2022, Седых С.Е., Тимофеева А.М., Кулешова А.Е., Невинский Г.А.2022Sedykh S.E., Timofeeva A.M., Kuleshova A.E., Nevinskiy G.A.Седых С.Е., Тимофеева А.М., Кулешова А.Е., Невинский Г.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/436

Exosomes are natural nanovesicles with a diameter of 40–100 nm, which are actively involved in the transfer of biologically active substances and participate in intercellular communication. The natural origin of exosomes determines its biological compatibility with cell cultures and makes them promising delivery vehicles for anticancer drugs. Methods of the artificial production of exosomes are not available, and exosome preparations obtained from tumor cells are not suitable for therapy. Milk is a biological fluid that is commercially available and may be a universal source of exosomes for treatment. Target delivery of anticancer drugs using milk exosomes can reduce the toxic effect of cytostatic agents during chemotherapy. This review discusses methods for isolating exosomes from milk, their additional purification, and analysis of their biologically significant components – proteins and nucleic acids, and prospects for using milk exosomes to treat cancer.

Экзосомы – это природные нановезикулы диаметром 40–100 нм, принимающие активное участие в переносе различных биологически активных веществ, а также в межклеточной коммуникации. Природное происхождение обусловливает биологическую совместимость экзосом с культурами клеток и делает их перспективными средствами доставки противоопухолевых препаратов. В настоящее время методы искусственного получения данных нановезикул не разработаны. Препараты экзосом, полученные из опухолевых клеток, непригодны для терапии. Молоко –биологическая жидкость, которая доступна в промышленных масштабах. Оно может быть универсальным источником экзосом, используемых в лечении онкологических заболеваний. Адресная доставка противоопухолевых препаратов при помощи экзосом молока позволяет снизить токсический эффект цитостатических средств, используемых в химиотерапии. В данном обзоре рассмотрены методы выделения экзосом из молока, их дополнительная очистка, анализ биологически значимых компонентов этих везикул – белков и нуклеиновых кислот, а также перспективы применения экзосом молока в терапии онкологических заболеваний.

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