Advances in Molecular OncologyAdvances in Molecular OncologyУспехи молекулярной онкологии2313-805X2413-3787Publishing House ABV Press46210.17650/2313-805X-2022-9-3-8-14REVIEW ARTICLESОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИSignificance of tumor-associated macrophages in bladder cancer developmentЗначение макрофагов, ассоциированных с опухолью, в развитии рака мочевого пузыряhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0132-3269PavlovV. N.ПавловВ. Н.
Russian Federation

Valentin N. Pavlov.

3 Lenin St., Ufa 450008, Republic of Bashkortostan.

Павлов Валентин Николаевич.

Республика Башкортостан, 450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3.

pavlov@bashgmu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4657-6625UrmantsevM. F.УрманцевМ. Ф.
Russian Federation

3 Lenin St., Ufa 450008, Republic of Bashkortostan.

Республика Башкортостан, 450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1524-5628KorelovYu. A.КореловЮ. А.
Russian Federation

3 Lenin St., Ufa 450008, Republic of Bashkortostan.

Республика Башкортостан, 450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3.

BakeevM. R.БакеевМ. Р.
Russian Federation

3 Lenin St., Ufa 450008, Republic of Bashkortostan.

Республика Башкортостан, 450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3.

Bashkir State Medical University, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России15092022938140710202207102022Copyright ©; 2022, Pavlov V.N., Urmantsev M.F., Korelov Y.A., Bakeev M.R.Copyright ©; 2022, Павлов В.Н., Урманцев М.Ф., Корелов Ю.А., Бакеев М.Р.2022Pavlov V.N., Urmantsev M.F., Korelov Y.A., Bakeev M.R.Павлов В.Н., Урманцев М.Ф., Корелов Ю.А., Бакеев М.Р.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/462

Bladder cancer is the 2nd most common urological oncological disease in the worlds. Tumors can be muscle invasive and non-muscle invasive. Recently, tumor microenvironment (TME) became a focus of investigation in malignant tumors of the bladder. According to the currently available data, TME is a specific environment crating optimal conditions for carcinogenesis in the neoplastic lesion. The main parts of TME are extracellular matrix and stroma including vasculature, stromal, and immune cells. Additionally, TME includes cytokines, chemokines, and other compounds activating signal pathways necessary for tumor cells. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are being extensively studied as representatives of TME in solid tumors of varying locations. These macrophages can be classified into 2 phenotypes: M1 (pro-inflammatory and antitumor) and M2 (anti-inflammatory and protumor). The phenotypes perform different roles, and M2 macrophages regulate the most important processes of oncogenesis (invasion, proliferation, neoangiogenesis, etc.). In the context of bladder cancer, M2 macrophages are the most significant as they are the most numerous TAMs in TME.

Aim. To study the role of tumor-associated macrophages in development of bladder tumors, as well as prognostic value of these macrophages.

Рак мочевого пузыря занимает 2-е место в структуре онкоурологических заболеваний во всем мире. выделяют мышечно-инвазивную и немышечно-инвазивную формы опухоли. в последнее время большое внимание уделяется изучению микроокружения опухоли (МО) при злокачественных новообразованиях мочевого пузыря. Согласно имеющимся на сегодняшний день данным, МО представляет собой специфическую среду, создающую оптимальные условия для канцерогенеза в неопластическом очаге. Основными частями МО являются внеклеточный матрикс и строма, которая включает сосуды, стромальные и иммунные клетки. помимо данных структур в состав МО входят цитокины, хемокины и другие соединения, способные обеспечивать активацию необходимых для опухолевых клеток сигнальных путей. Макрофаги, ассоциированные с опухолью (МАО), - активно изучаемые представители МО при солидных злокачественных новообразованиях различных локализаций. эти макрофаги подразделяют на 2 фенотипа: M1 (провоспалительные и противоопухолевые) и M2 (противовоспалительные и проопухолевые). Роль каждого фенотипа различна, при этом макрофаги M2 участвуют в регуляции важнейших процессов онкогенеза (инвазии, пролиферации, неоангиогенезе и т. д.). в аспекте изучения рака мочевого пузыря наибольшую значимость имеют макрофаги M2, которые являются самыми многочисленными представителями МАО в составе МО.

Цель исследования - изучение роли макрофагов, ассоциированных с опухолью, в развитии злокачественных опухолей мочевого пузыря, а также их прогностической ценности.

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