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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Успехи молекулярной онкологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-805X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">478</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2313-805X-2022-9-4-71-77</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Biochemical factors in the blood serum of neuroendocrine tumor patients with carcinoid syndrome</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Биохимические показатели в сыворотке крови больных нейроэндокринными опухолями с карциноидным синдромом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0430-2754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyubimova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любимова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina Vasilyevna Lyubimova</p><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нина Васильевна Любимова</p><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе</p></bio><email>biochimia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9305-6713</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeev</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеев</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5881-1795</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-9533</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Artamonova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артамонова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-1166</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stilidi</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стилиди</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3898-4127</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kushlinskii</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кушлинский</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N. N. Blokhin National Medical Russian Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-17"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-17"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Lyubimova N.V., Timofeev Y.S., Lebedeva A.V., Artamonova A.V., Stilidi I.S., Kushlinskii N.E.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Любимова Н.В., Тимофеев Ю.С., Лебедева А.В., Артамонова Е.В., Стилиди И.С., Кушлинский Н.Е.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lyubimova N.V., Timofeev Y.S., Lebedeva A.V., Artamonova A.V., Stilidi I.S., Kushlinskii N.E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Любимова Н.В., Тимофеев Ю.С., Лебедева А.В., Артамонова Е.В., Стилиди И.С., Кушлинский Н.Е.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/478">https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/478</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold>. Carcinoid syndrome is the most common functional syndrome in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. More than 40 biochemical factors are responsible for the manifestation of carcinoid syndrome, among which serotonin is the most important. The study of biochemical markers of carcinoid syndrome and associated carcinoid heart disease is an important aim of laboratory examination in neuroendocrine tumors patients.<bold>Aim</bold>. Analysis of levels and diagnostic efficiency evaluation of chromogranin A (CgA), serotonin, pro-brain natriuretic peptide (proBNP) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) in the blood serum of neuroendocrine tumors patients with various clinical manifestations, including carcinoid syndrome and carcinoid heart disease.<bold>Materials and methods</bold>. 66 patients with neuroendocrine tumors of various localizations were examined (pancreas – 24 cases, small intestine – 21, large intestine – 6, lungs – 10, unkown primary focus – 5). 38 patients had liver metastases. In 43 patients, a clinic of carcinoid syndrome was observed, 16 had signs of carcinoid heart disease. The control group consisted of 30 practically healthy people. Serum levels of CgA, serotonin, and PDGF-BB were determined by enzyme immunoassay in microplate format: Chromogranin A NEOLISA (Eurodiagnostica, Sweden), Serotonin ELISA (IBL, German), and PDGF-BB ELISA Kit (Invitrogen, USA). The proBNP analysis was performed on a Cobas e601 automated analyzer (Roche, Switzerland).<bold>Results</bold>. In carcinoid syndrome, the medians of CgA, serotonin, and proBNP were the highest, differing statistically significantly from the control group. In patients with G3 tumors, the median PDGF-BB was statistically significantly higher than in controls, in contrast to G1 and G2. The highest diagnostic sensitivity in the general neuroendocrine tumors group was in CgA – 63.6 %, with a specificity of 100 %. In patients with carcinoid syndrome, the highest diagnostic sensitivity was characteristic of serotonin and chromogranin A (79 %), while in patients with CAD clinic, proBNP had the highest sensitivity – 93.8 %.<bold>Conclusion</bold>. The study revealed the high efficiency of СgA, with the highest sensitivity in common forms and tumors with high biological activity. Serotonin can be used in the diagnosis of carcinoid syndrome, associated with cardiofibrosis development. Pro-brain natriuretic peptide is a highly sensitive and specific marker of carcinoid heart disease. The highest levels of PDGF-BB are associated with a high grade of neuroendocrine tumors malignancy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Карциноидный синдром является наиболее частым функциональным синдромом у пациентов с нейроэндокринными опухолями. За манифестацию карциноидного синдрома отвечают более 40 биохимических факторов, среди которых наибольшее значение имеет серотонин. Исследование биохимических маркеров карциноидного синдрома и ассоциированной с ним карциноидной болезни сердца является актуальной задачей лабораторного обследования больных нейроэндокринными опухолями.<bold>Цель исследования</bold> – анализ уровней и оценка диагностической эффективности хромогранина А (ХгА), серотонина, мозгового натрийуретического пропетида (proBNP) и тромбоцитарного фактора роста (PDGF-BB) в сыворотке крови больных нейроэндокринными опухолями с различной клинической манифестацией, включая карциноидные синдром и болезнь сердца.<bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Обследованы 66 больных нейроэндокринными опухолями различных локализаций (поджелудочная железа – 24 случая, тонкая кишка – 21, толстая кишка – 6, легкие – 10, невыявленный первичный очаг – 5). У 38 пациентов обнаружены метастазы в печени. У 43 больных отмечены клинические проявления карционидного синдрома, 16 имели признаки карциноидной болезни сердца. Контрольная группа представлена 30 практически здоровыми донорами. Уровни ХгА, cеротонина и PDGF-BB в сыворотке крови определяли с помощью иммуноферментного метода в плашечном формате с использованием тест-систем Chromogranin A NEOLISA (Eurodiagnostica, Швеция), Serotonin ELISA (IBL, Германия) и PDGF-BB ELISA Kit (Invitrogen, США). Анализ proBNP проводили на автоматическом анализаторе Cobas e601 (Roche, Швейцария).<bold>Результаты</bold>. При карциноидном синдроме медианы уровней ХгА, серотонина и proBNP были наиболее высокими и статистически значимо отличались от соответствующих показателей контрольной группы. Медиана PDGF-BB статистически значимо выше у больных с опухолями G3, чем в группе контроля, в отличие от пациентов с опухолями G1 и G2. Наибольшая диагностическая чувствительность в общей группе нейроэндокринных опухолей отмечена для ХгА (63,6 %) при специфичности 100 %. При карциноидном синдроме наиболее высокая диагностическая чувствительность была характерна для серотонина и ХгА (79 %). У пациентов с клиническими признаками карциноидной болезни сердца отмечалась большая диагностическая чувствительность для proBNP (93,8 %).<bold>Заключение</bold>. Проведенное исследование свидетельствует о высокой эффективности ХгА с наибольшей чувствительностью при распространенных формах и опухолях с высокой биологической активностью. Серотонин является чувствительным маркером карциноидного синдрома, ассоциированным с развитием кардиофиброза. Мозговой натрийуретический пропетид – высокочувствительный и специфичный маркер карциноидной болезни сердца. Наиболее высокие уровни PDGF-BB ассоциированы с большой степенью злокачественности нейроэндокринных опухолей.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chromogranin A</kwd><kwd>serotonin</kwd><kwd>pro-brain natriuretic peptide</kwd><kwd>platelet-derived growth factor</kwd><kwd>neuroendocrine tumors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хромогранин А</kwd><kwd>серотонин</kwd><kwd>мозговой натрийуретический пропетид</kwd><kwd>тромбоцитарный фактор роста</kwd><kwd>нейроэндокринные опухоли</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Aluri V., Dilon J.S. Biochemical testing in neuroendocrine tumors. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2017;46(3):669–77. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2017.04.004</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Hofland J., Kaltsas G., de Herder W.W. Advances in the diagnosis and management of well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms. 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