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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Успехи молекулярной онкологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-805X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">480</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2313-805X-2022-9-4-89-95</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">PIK3CA mutations in breast cancer with low HER2 / neu expression</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Мутации в гене PIK3CA при раке молочной железы с низкой экспрессией белка HER2 / neu</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8263</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlenko</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павленко</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>170a Blagodatnaya St., Rostov-on-Don 344015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Аркадьевна Павленко</p><p>344015 Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Благодатная, 170а</p></bio><email>pavlenko.ir@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-0349</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Povilaitite</surname><given-names>P. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Повилайтите</surname><given-names>П. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>170a Blagodatnaya St., Rostov-on-Don 344015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344015 Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Благодатная, 170а</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5955-1099</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaciyaev</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кацияев</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>170a Blagodatnaya St., Rostov-on-Don 344015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344015 Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Благодатная, 170а</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7691-9775</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarevich</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаревич</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>170a Blagodatnaya St., Rostov-on-Don 344015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344015 Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Благодатная, 170а</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7252-774X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>170a Blagodatnaya St., Rostov-on-Don 344015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344015 Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Благодатная, 170а</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rostov Regional Bureau of Pathology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУ Ростовской области «Патологоанатомическое бюро»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-17"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-17"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Pavlenko I.A., Povilaitite P.E., Kaciyaev V.Y., Makarevich N.S., Petrov A.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Павленко И.А., Повилайтите П.Е., Кацияев В.Ю., Макаревич Н.С., Петров А.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pavlenko I.A., Povilaitite P.E., Kaciyaev V.Y., Makarevich N.S., Petrov A.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Павленко И.А., Повилайтите П.Е., Кацияев В.Ю., Макаревич Н.С., Петров А.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/480">https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/480</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold>. Disturbances in the PI3K-dependent (PI3K – phosphoinositide 3‑kinase) cascade are characteristic of all types of breast cancer. In particular, 30–40 % of patients with advanced / metastatic hormone-positive HER2‑negative (HER2 – human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) breast cancer carry PIK3CA mutations in tumor cells. The detection of these mutations in patients with hormone-positive HER2‑negative breast cancer is of great clinical importance, since they are a predictor of tumor sensitivity to the PI3K inhibitor alpelisib. According to the HER2 / neu protein expression status, all patients with hormone-positive HER2‑negative breast cancer can be divided into two groups – with low expression of HER2 / neu (scores 0, 1+ or 2+ per immunohistochemical analysis and negative result of in situ hybridization) and with a complete lack of expression of this protein.<bold>Aim</bold>. To establish whether there are differences in the nature and prevalence of PIK3CA mutations in patients in these two groups.<bold>Materials and methods</bold>. The study was carried out on 32 breast cancer samples with a luminal HER2‑negative immunophenotype, which were divided into two groups – with low HER2 / neu expression (n = 15) and with a complete absence of HER2 / neu expression (n = 17). PIK3CA mutations were determined using the commercially available cobas PIK3CA MutationTest kit (Roche, Switzerland) by real-time polymerase chain reaction on paraffin block material (tissue biopsy).<bold>Results</bold>. Mutations of the PIK3CA gene were detected in 37.5 % of cases, of which p.E542K mutation was detected in 2 cases; p.E545X – in 3, p.H1047X – in 6 and p.N345K – in 1. Analysis of the mutational status of both groups revealed statistically significant differences in the quantitative distribution of PIK3CA mutations. The frequency of PIK3CA mutations was significantly higher in tumors with low expression of HER2 / neu (p = 0.0268). Thus, characteristic genetic changes have been identified for a group of patients with HER2‑low breast cancer. These changes are potential targets for therapy, which is important for clinical practice, as it opens up new therapeutic possibilities for breast cancer patients with low HER2 / neu expression.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Нарушения в PI3K-зависимом каскаде (PI3K – фосфоинозитид-3-киназа) характерны для всех типов рака молочной железы (РМЖ). В частности, 30–40 % пациенток с распространенным / метастатическим гормонпозитивным HER2-отрицательным (HER2 – human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; рецептор эпидермального фактора роста, тип 2) РМЖ несут мутации PIK3CA в опухолевых клетках. Обнаружение этих мутаций у пациенток с гормон-позитивным HER2-отрицательным РМЖ имеет большое клиническое значение, поскольку они являются предиктором чувствительности опухоли к ингибитору PI3K алпелисибу. По статусу экспрессии белка HER2 / neu всех больных с гормон-позитивным HER2-отрицательным РМЖ можно разделить на 2 группы: с низкой экспрессией HER2 / neu (оценками 0, 1+ или 2+ по данным иммуногистохимического исследования и отрицательным результатом гибридизации in situ) и отсутствием экспрессии этого белка.<bold>Цель работы</bold> – установить, существуют ли различия в характере и распространенности мутаций в гене PIK3CA у пациентов с низкой экспрессией HER2 / neu и отсутствием экспрессии этого белка.<bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Исследованы 32 образца люминального HER2-отрицательного иммунофенотипа РМЖ, которые по характеру экспрессии HER2 / neu разделены на 2 группы: с низкой экспрессией HER2 / neu (n = 15) и ее отсутствием (n = 17). Наличие мутаций в гене PIK3CA определяли с помощью коммерчески доступного набора cobas PIK3CA MutationTest (Roche, Швейцария) методом полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени на материале из парафиновых блоков (тканевой биопсии).<bold>Результаты</bold>. Мутации в гене PIK3CA выявлены в 37,5 % случаев, из них в 2 случаях определена мутация p.E542K, в 3 – p.E545Х, в 6 – p.H1047Х, в 1 – p.N345K. При анализе мутационного статуса обеих групп обнаружены статистически значимые различия по количественному распределению мутаций в гене PIK3CA. Частота этих мутаций была достоверно выше в опухолях с низкой экспрессией HER2 / neu (р = 0,0268).<bold>Заключение</bold>. Таким образом, выявлены характерные генетические изменения у пациенток с РМЖ с низкой экспрессией HER2 / neu. Эти изменения являются потенциальными мишенями для таргетной терапии, что важно для клинической практики, поскольку открывает новые возможности в лечении больных РМЖ с низкой экспрессией HER2 / neu.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>human epidermal growth factor receptor 2</kwd><kwd>PIK3CA mutations</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>рецептор эпидермального фактора роста типа 2</kwd><kwd>мутации в гене PIK3CA</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was sponsored by Russian Society of Clinical Oncology (RUSSCO) (contract № MGD/ROPAB.RU/2022 signed 10.01.2022).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при спонсорской поддержке Российского общества клинической онкологии (RUSSCO) (договор № МГД/РОПАБ.RU/2022 от 10.01.2022).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Yang J., Nie J., Ma X. et al. 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