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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Успехи молекулярной онкологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-805X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">481</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2313-805X-2022-9-4-96-111</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Signs of apoptosis in circulating tumor cell subpopulations with phenotypes associated with stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast carcinoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Проявления апоптоза в субпопуляциях циркулирующих опухолевых клеток с фенотипами, ассоциированными со стволовостью и эпителиально-мезенхимальным переходом, при карциноме молочной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7633-9620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Perelmuter</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перельмутер</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir Mikhailovich Perelmuter</p><p>5 Cooperative Lane, Tomsk 634009</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Михайлович Перельмутер</p><p>634009 Томск, переулок Кооперативный, 5</p></bio><email>pvm@ngs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4737-8951</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorieva</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5 Cooperative Lane, Tomsk 634009</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634009 Томск, переулок Кооперативный, 5</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9429-9813</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zavyalova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Завьялова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5 Cooperative Lane, Tomsk 634009</p><p>2 Moskovsky Tract, Tomsk 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634009 Томск, переулок Кооперативный, 5</p><p>634050 Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-8417</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tashireva</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таширева</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5 Cooperative Lane, Tomsk 634009</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634009 Томск, переулок Кооперативный, 5</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3025-4445</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alifanov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алифанов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5 Cooperative Lane, Tomsk 634009</p><p>2 Moskovsky Tract, Tomsk 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634009 Томск, переулок Кооперативный, 5</p><p>634050 Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0301-8455</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saveleva</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савельева</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5 Cooperative Lane, Tomsk 634009</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634009 Томск, переулок Кооперативный, 5</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1195-4008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vtorushin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вторушин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5 Cooperative Lane, Tomsk 634009</p><p>2 Moskovsky Tract, Tomsk 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634009 Томск, переулок Кооперативный, 5</p><p>634050 Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3651-0665</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Choynzonov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чойнзонов</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5 Cooperative Lane, Tomsk 634009</p><p>2 Moskovsky Tract, Tomsk 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634009 Томск, переулок Кооперативный, 5</p><p>634050 Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1526-9013</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherdyntsevа</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чердынцева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5 Cooperative Lane, Tomsk 634009</p><p>2 Moskovsky Tract, Tomsk 634050</p><p>36 Lenin Prospekt, Tomsk 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634009 Томск, переулок Кооперативный, 5</p><p>634050 Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p><p>634050, Томск, проспект Ленина, 36</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Cancer Research Institute of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт онкологии Томского национального исследовательского медицинского центра Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Tomsk State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-17"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-17"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Perelmuter V.M., Grigorieva E.S., Zavyalova M.V., Tashireva L.A., Alifanov V.V., Saveleva O.E., Vtorushin S.V., Choynzonov E.L., Cherdyntsevа N.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Перельмутер В.М., Григорьева Е.С., Завьялова М.В., Таширева Л.А., Алифанов В.В., Савельева О.Е., Вторушин С.В., Чойнзонов Е.Л., Чердынцева Н.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Perelmuter V.M., Grigorieva E.S., Zavyalova M.V., Tashireva L.A., Alifanov V.V., Saveleva O.E., Vtorushin S.V., Choynzonov E.L., Cherdyntsevа N.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Перельмутер В.М., Григорьева Е.С., Завьялова М.В., Таширева Л.А., Алифанов В.В., Савельева О.Е., Вторушин С.В., Чойнзонов Е.Л., Чердынцева Н.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/481">https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/481</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold>. Ability of circulating tumor cells (CTC) initiate metastases in distant sites is associated primarily with their resistance to apoptosis which allows them to retain viability in the blood. Knowledge of phenotypical signs associated with this ability would allow to predict the risk of metastases and optimize adjuvant therapy.<bold>Aim</bold>. To examine signs of apoptosis in CTC populations with various phenotypical characteristics.<bold>Materials and methods</bold>. The study included 58 patients with invasive breast carcinoma of unspecified type, stages T1–4N0–3M0. Cell concentrates extracted from patients’ whole blood were stained with an antibody cocktail against CK7 / 8, CD45, EpCAM, CD44, CD24, CD133, ALDH, N-cadherin which allowed to identify CTC with signs of stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Annexin V and 7‑amino-actinomycin D staining was used for evaluation of apoptosis stage in CTC populations.<bold>Results</bold>. Circulating tumor cells are characterized by heterogeneity in respect to signs of stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition and presence of early and late signs of apoptosis and necrosis. CTC phenotypes including co-expression of epithelial marker CK7 / 8 and stemness marker CD133 (but not CD44) are characterized by absence of signs of apoptosis. Co-expression of CK7 / 8 and CD133 in CTC with stemness markers CD44+ / C D24– is associated with development of early but not late signs of apoptosis and necrosis. Circulating tumor cells without co-expression of CK7 / 8 and CD133 could have both early and late signs of apoptosis and necrosis. Circulating tumor cells phenotypes with signs of early apoptosis expressing CD133 remain in blood after non-adjuvant chemotherapy opposed to CTC without CD133 expression.<bold>Conclusion</bold>. There are CTC phenotypical signs associated with stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition and linked to apoptosis resistance or sensitivity.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Способность циркулирующих опухолевых клеток (ЦОК) инициировать метастазирование в отдаленных сайтах, прежде всего, связана с их резистентностью к апоптозу, что позволяет сохранить жизнеспособность в кровотоке. Знание фенотипических признаков, связанных с этой способностью, позволило бы прогнозировать риск развития метастазов и оптимизировать адъювантную терапию.<bold>Цель исследования</bold> – изучение проявлений апоптоза в популяциях ЦОК с различными фенотипическими характеристиками.<bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В исследование включены 58 пациенток с инвазивной карциномой молочной железы неспецифического типа стадии T1–4N0–3M0. Клеточные концентраты, полученные из цельной крови пациентов, окрашены коктейлем антител к C K7 / 8, CD45, EpCAM, CD44, CD24, CD133, ALDH, N-кадгерину, что позволяет идентифицировать ЦОК с признаками стволовости и эпителиально-мезенхимального перехода. Окрашивание аннексином V и 7-аминоактиномицином D использовали для оценки разных стадий апоптоза каждой из популяций ЦОК.<bold>Результаты</bold>. Циркулирующие опухолевые клетки характеризуются выраженной гетерогенностью по проявлениям признаков стволовости и эпителиально-мезенхимального перехода и ассоциации с наличием ранних и поздних признаков апоптоза и некроза. Для ЦОК с фенотипами, включающими коэкспрессию эпителиального маркера CK7 / 8 и маркера стволовости CD133 (но не C D44), более характерно отсутствие признаков апоптоза. Коэкспрессия CK7 / 8 и C D133 ЦОК с маркерами стволовости CD44+ / C D24– ассоциирована с развитием ранних, но не поздних признаков апоптоза и некроза. Циркулирующие опухолевые клетки с отсутствием коэкспрессии CK7 / 8 и C D133 могли иметь и ранние, и поздние признаки апоптоза и некроза. Фенотипы ЦОК с признаками раннего апоптоза, экспрессирующие CD133, в отличие от ЦОК без экспрессии CD133, сохраняются в крови после неоадъювантной химиотерапии.<bold>Заключение</bold>. Существуют фенотипические признаки ЦОК, имеющие отношение к стволовости и эпителиально-мезенхимальному переходу, сопряженные с устойчивостью к апоптозу или чувствительностью к нему.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>circulating tumor cells</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>the effect of chemotherapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>циркулирующие опухолевые клетки</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>влияние химиотерапии</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 19-75-30016). The equipment of the Center for Collective Use “Medical Genomics” of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences was used in the work.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (грант № 19-75-30016). В работе использовано оборудование Центра коллективного пользования «Медицинская геномика» Томского национального исследовательского медицинского центра Российской академии наук.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Vismara M., Reduzzi C., Daidone M.G. et al. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) heterogeneity in metastatic breast cancer: different approaches for different needs. Adv Exp Med Biol 2020;1220: 81–91. 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