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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Успехи молекулярной онкологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-805X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">509</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2313-805X-2023-10-1-25-39</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Dexamethasone effects on the expression and content of glycosylated components of mouse brain tissue</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние дексаметазона на экспрессию и содержание гликозилированных компонентов в ткани головного мозга мышей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5883-4831</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aladev</surname><given-names>S. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аладьев</surname><given-names>С. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Stanislav Dmitrievich Aladev</p><p>2/12 Timakova St., Novosibirsk 630117</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Станислав Дмитриевич Аладьев</p><p>630117 Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2/12</p></bio><email>s.aladev@alumni.nsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4145-5277</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>D. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/12 Timakova St., Novosibirsk 630117</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630117 Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2/12</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5336-8552</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Strokotova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Строкотова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/12 Timakova St., Novosibirsk 630117</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630117 Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2/12</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2598-1805</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazanskaya</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казанская</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/12 Timakova St., Novosibirsk 630117</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630117 Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2/12</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9697-7091</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>15 Rechkunovskaya St., Novosibirsk 630055</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630055 Новосибирск, ул. Речкуновская, 15</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9650-9877</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Politko</surname><given-names>M. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Политко</surname><given-names>М. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/12 Timakova St., Novosibirsk 630117</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630117 Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2/12</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shahmuradova</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахмурадова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/12 Timakova St., Novosibirsk 630117</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630117 Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2/12</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3915-3616</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kliver</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кливер</surname><given-names>Е. Э.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>15 Rechkunovskaya St., Novosibirsk 630055</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630055 Новосибирск, ул. Речкуновская, 15</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-020X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsidulko</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цидулко</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/12 Timakova St., Novosibirsk 630117</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630117 Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2/12</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7124-1969</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aidagulova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айдагулова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/12 Timakova St., Novosibirsk 630117</p><p>52 Krasnyi Prospect, Novosibirsk 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630117 Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2/12</p><p>630091 Новосибирск, Красный проспект, 52</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2457-9179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorieva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>Э. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/12 Timakova St., Novosibirsk 630117</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630117 Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2/12</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics of the Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт молекулярной биологии и биофизики ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины» Минобрнауки России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. акад. Е.Н. Мешалкина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. акад. Е.Н. Мешалкина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт молекулярной биологии и биофизики ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины» Минобрнауки России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics of the Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт молекулярной биологии и биофизики ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины» Минобрнауки России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff7"><institution>Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics of the Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-03-30"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-03-30"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Aladev S.D., Sokolov D.K., Strokotova A.V., Kazanskaya G.M., Volkov A.M., Politko M.O., Shahmuradova A.I., Kliver E.E., Tsidulko A.Y., Aidagulova S.V., Grigorieva E.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Аладьев С.Д., Соколов Д.К., Строкотова А.В., Казанская Г.М., Волков А.М., Политко М.О., Шахмурадова А.И., Кливер Е.Э., Цидулко А.Ю., Айдагулова С.В., Григорьева Э.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aladev S.D., Sokolov D.K., Strokotova A.V., Kazanskaya G.M., Volkov A.M., Politko M.O., Shahmuradova A.I., Kliver E.E., Tsidulko A.Y., Aidagulova S.V., Grigorieva E.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аладьев С.Д., Соколов Д.К., Строкотова А.В., Казанская Г.М., Волков А.М., Политко М.О., Шахмурадова А.И., Кливер Е.Э., Цидулко А.Ю., Айдагулова С.В., Григорьева Э.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/509">https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/509</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Glucocorticoids are actively used in the treatment of various diseases, however their long-term use leads to numerous negative side-effects, the molecular mechanisms of which remain poorly understood.</p><p><bold>Aim. </bold>Study of the short-term (1–10 days) effects of various doses of dexamethasone (Dex) (0,1–10 mg/kg) on the expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR, Nr3c1), core proteins of main proteoglycans and heparan sulfate metabolism-involved genes, as well as the content of carbohydrate macromolecules of glycosaminoglycans in the brain tissue of experimental animals.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> In the study, C57Bl/6 mice were used. The expression of GR, proteoglycan core proteins and heparan sulfate metabolism-involved genes was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription. The content and localization of GR protein molecule were studied by Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis, and the glycosaminoglycan content was determined by dot-blot analysis and Alcian Blue staining.</p><p><bold>Results. </bold>It was shown that a single Dex administration leads to fast (1–3 days) short-term activation of GR expression (+1.5 times, p &lt;0.05), proteoglycan’s genes (syndecan-3, Sdc3; perlecan, Hspg2; phosphacan, Ptprz1; neurocan, Ncan; +2–3-fold; p &lt;0.05) and heparan sulfate-metabolism-involved genes (Ndst1, Glce, Hs2st1, Hs6st1, Sulf1 / 2; +1.5–2-fold; p &lt;0.05) in the mouse brain, with a return to control values by 7–10 days after Dex administration. At the same time, the effect of Dex on carbohydrate macromolecules of glycosaminoglycans was more delayed and stable, increasing the content of low-sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the brain tissue in a dose-dependent manner starting from day 1 after Dex administration. Highly-sulfated glycosaminoglycans showed more delayed response to Dex administration, and an increase in their content was observed only at higher doses (2.5 and 10 mg/kg) and only on 7–10 days after its administration, apparently, mainly due to an increase in heparan sulfate content.</p><p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> In general, the effect of a single injection of Dex on the transcriptional activity of GR, proteoglycan core proteins and heparan sulfate metabolism-involved genes were short-termed, and the genes expression quickly returned to the normal levels. However, even a single use of Dex significantly increased the content of total as well as highly sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the mouse brain tissue, which can lead to the changes in the composition and structure of the brain tissue, as well as its functional characteristics.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>Глюкокортикоиды активно используются при лечении различных заболеваний, однако их длительное применение приводит ко множеству побочных эффектов, молекулярные механизмы развития которых остаются недостаточно изученными.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – изучение краткосрочного (1–10 сут) влияния различных доз дексаметазона (Dex) (0,1–10 мг/кг) на экспрессию глюкокортикоидного рецептора (GR, Nr3c1), коровых белков основных протеогликанов и ферментов биосинтеза углеводных цепей гепарансульфата, а также содержание углеводных макромолекул гликозаминогликанов в ткани головного мозга экспериментальных животных.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В исследовании использовали мышей линии C57Bl/6. Экспрессию GR, коровых белков протеогликанов и генов, кодирующих ферменты биосинтеза гепарансульфата, определяли с помощью полимеразной цепной реакции с обратной транскрипцией в реальном времени. Содержание и локализация белковой молекулы GR были изучены методами Вестерн-блоттинга и иммуногистохимического анализа, а содержание гликозаминогликанов – с помощью дот-блот анализа и окраски альциановым синим.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Было показано, что однократное введение Dex приводило к быстрой (на 1–3-и сутки) кратковременной активации экспрессии GR (+1,5 раза; p &lt;0,05) некоторых генов коровых белков протеогликанов (синдекан-3, Sdc3; перлекан, Hspg2; фосфакан, Ptprz1; нейрокан, Ncan; +2–3 раза; p &lt;0,05) и генов ферментов биосинтеза гепарансульфатов (Ndst1, Glce, Hs2st1, Hs6st1, Sulf1 / 2; +1,5–2 раза; p &lt;0,05) в мозге мышей с возвращением к контрольным показателям к 7–10-м суткам после введения Dex. При этом влияние данного препарата на углеводные макромолекулы гликозаминогликанов имело более отсроченный и стабильный характер, дозозависимо увеличивая содержание общих гликозаминогликанов в ткани мозга, начиная с 1-х суток после введения Dex. Высокосульфатированные гликозаминогликаны демонстрировали более медленный ответ на введение препарата, повышение их содержания наблюдалось только при более высоких дозах (2,5 и 10 мг/кг) и только на 7–10-е сутки после его введения в основном за счет повышения содержания гепарансульфата.</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Влияние однократного применения Dex на транскрипционную активность GR, протеогликанов и ферментов биосинтеза гепарансульфата носит кратковременный характер, и экспрессия генов быстро возвращается к нормальному уровню. Однако даже однократное применение Dex значительно повышает содержание общих и высокосульфатированных гликозаминогликанов в ткани головного мозга мышей, что может привести к изменению состава и структуры ткани головного мозга, а также его функциональных характеристик.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>glucocorticoids</kwd><kwd>dexamethasone</kwd><kwd>brain</kwd><kwd>glucocorticoid receptor</kwd><kwd>glycosylation</kwd><kwd>proteoglycan</kwd><kwd>glycosaminoglycan</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глюкокортикоиды</kwd><kwd>дексаметазон</kwd><kwd>головной мозг</kwd><kwd>глюкокортикоидный рецептор</kwd><kwd>гликозилирование</kwd><kwd>протеогликан</kwd><kwd>гликозаминогликан</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 21-15-00285).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (грант № 21-15-00285).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Dubinski D., Hattingen E., Senft C. et al. 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