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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Успехи молекулярной онкологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-805X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">511</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2313-805X-2023-10-1-40-48</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Molecular markers as predictors of response to perioperative chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярные маркеры ответа на периоперационную химиотерапию при местно-распространенном раке желудка</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2743-0882</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Oganyan</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оганян</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karina Ambartsumovna Oganyan</p><p>17 Lev Tolstoy St., Saint Petersburg 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Карина Амбарцумовна Оганян</p><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p></bio><email>oganyan_karina@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7570-2256</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Musaelyan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусаелян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>17 Lev Tolstoy St., Saint Petersburg 197101</p><p>177 Mira St., village Veseloe, Sochi 354376, Adler District, Krasnodar Territory</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p><p>Краснодарский край, Адлерский р-н, 354376 Сочи, с. Веселое, ул. Мира, 177</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4998-3699</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>17 Lev Tolstoy St., Saint Petersburg 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kupenskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Купенская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>17 Lev Tolstoy St., Saint Petersburg 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sveсhkova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свечкова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>17 Lev Tolstoy St., Saint Petersburg 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyaev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>17 Lev Tolstoy St., Saint Petersburg 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8514-5377</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаренко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>17 Lev Tolstoy St., Saint Petersburg 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6080-8042</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>17 Lev Tolstoy St., Saint Petersburg 197101</p><p>177 Mira St., village Veseloe, Sochi 354376, Adler District, Krasnodar Territory</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p><p>Краснодарский край, Адлерский р-н, 354376 Сочи, с. Веселое, ул. Мира, 177</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Medical Primatology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицинской приматологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-03-31"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-03-31"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Oganyan K.A., Musaelyan A.A., Lapin S.V., Kupenskaya T.V., Sveсhkova A.A., Belyaev M.A., Zakharenko A.A., Orlov S.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Оганян К.А., Мусаелян А.А., Лапин С.В., Купенская Т.В., Свечкова А.А., Беляев М.А., Захаренко А.А., Орлов С.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Oganyan K.A., Musaelyan A.A., Lapin S.V., Kupenskaya T.V., Sveсhkova A.A., Belyaev M.A., Zakharenko A.A., Orlov S.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Оганян К.А., Мусаелян А.А., Лапин С.В., Купенская Т.В., Свечкова А.А., Беляев М.А., Захаренко А.А., Орлов С.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/511">https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/511</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Perioperative FLOT chemotherapy has improved prognosis in patients with locally advanced resectable gastric cancer (GC). However, in 80 % of cases, the tumor is resistant to the therapy, resulting in unnecessary toxicity and delayed surgical treatment.</p><p><bold>Aim.</bold> Evaluation of clinico-morphological patterns of microsatellite instability, HER2 gene amplification, changes in gene copy number and their relationship with the response to perioperative FLOT chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced resectable GC.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The retrospective study included 185 patients. All tumor samples were assessed for HER2 and microsatellite instability status. Among all cases there were 45 patients with locally advanced T2–4N1–2 M0 GC, who underwent a total or subtotal gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy and perioperative chemotherapy with FLOT. Microsatellite instability detection was performed using fragment analysis, HER2 gene amplification testing – fluorescent in situ hybridization. Also 19 patients were tested for copy number changes of the FGFR1, FGFR2, KRAS, MET, EGFR, CCND1, MYC genes using Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. The endpoints were progression-free survival and objective response rate.</p><p><bold>Results. </bold>Microsatellite instability was detected in 4.8 % (9/185) of GC cases. Microsatellite instability was associated with advanced age (p = 0.005), low grade of differentiation (p = 0.011), presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (p = 0.0004), and high preoperative CA 72–4 levels (p = 0.025). Prevalence of HER2 amplification was 7.5 % (14/185). It was associated with low grade of differentiation (p = 0.048) and metastasis in regional lymph nodes (p = 0.037). PFS in patients with HER2-positive (HER2 – human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) GC treated with perioperative FLOT chemotherapy (4/45) was significantly lower than in patients with HER2-negative GC: the median was 156 and 317 days, respectively (hazard ratio 0.49; 95 % confidence interval 0.16–1.47; p = 0.0006). There was no correlation between the presence of the alteration and ORR (p = 1.0). Progression-free survival in GC patients with KRAS amplification (3/19) was significantly lower comparing with patients without it: the median was 98 and 327 days, respectively (hazard ratio 0.29; 95 % confidence interval 0.07–1.19; p &lt;0.0001). There was no association between an increase in KRAS copy number and objective response rate (p = 1.0). For microsatellite instability and other studied markers no statistically significant correlation with progression-free survival and objective response rate was found (p &gt;0.05).</p><p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The presence of HER2 and KRAS amplification have been shown as promising predictive markers of the treatment failure in patients treated with perioperative FLOT chemotherapy for locally advanced resectable GC.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Периоперационная химиотерапия по схеме FLOT улучшает прогноз у пациентов с местно-распространенным раком желудка (РЖ). Однако более чем в 50 % случаев новообразование нечувствительно к данной терапии, что, в свою очередь, обусловливает токсичность и отсрочку оперативного вмешательства. Определение молекулярно-генетических предикторов ответа на химиотерапию в режиме FLOT является важной задачей, поскольку позволит оптимизировать подходы к лечению пациентов с местно-распространенным резектабельным РЖ.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – оценка клинико-морфологических особенностей микросателлитной нестабильности, амплификации гена HER2, изменения копийности генов, а также их взаимосвязи с ответом на периоперационную химиотерапию в режиме FLOT у больных местно-распространенным РЖ.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В ретроспективное исследование включены 185 пациентов, у которых исследован статус HER2 и микросателлитной нестабильности. Из них 45 пациентов с РЖ T2–4N1–2M0, которым проведены субтотальная резекция желудка или гастрэктомия с лимфаденэктомией D2 и химиотерапия в режиме FLOT. Определение микросателлитной нестабильности проводилось путем фрагментного анализа, амплификации гена HER2 методом флуоресцентной гибридизации in situ (fluorescence in-situ hybridization, FISH). Также у 19 больныx проанализированы изменения копийности генов KRAS, FGFR1, FGFR2, EGFR, MET, MYC, CCND1 с использованием метода мультиплексной лигазозависимой амплификации зондов (multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, MLPA).</p><p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Микросателлитная нестабильность выявлена в 4,8 % (9/185) случаев РЖ. Показана ее взаимосвязь с пожилым возрастом (p = 0,005), низкой степенью дифференцировки (р = 0,011), наличием опухоль-инфильтрирующих лимфоцитов (р = 0,0004) и высоким предоперационным уровнем CA 72–4 (р = 0,025). Распространенность амплификации HER2 составила 7,5 % (14/185) и была ассоциирована с низкой степенью дифференцировки (p = 0,048) и метастазированием в регионарные лимфатические узлы (р = 0,037). У пациентов с HER2-положительным РЖ (HER2 – human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), получавших периоперационную химиотерапию в режиме FLOT (4/45), показатели выживаемости без прогрессирования были достоверно ниже, чем у больных с HER2-отрицательным РЖ: медиана составила 156 и 317 дней соответственно (отношение рисков 0,49; 95 % доверительный интервал 0,16–1,47; p = 0,0006). У больных с амплификацией KRAS (3/19) эти показатели были достоверно ниже по сравнению с больными с ее отсутствием: медиана составила 98 и 327 дней соответственно (отношение рисков 0,29; 95 % доверительный интервал 0,07–1,19; p &lt;0,0001).</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Амплификации HER2 и KRAS могут служить перспективными маркерами ответа у пациентов с местнораспространенным РЖ при проведении периоперационной химиотерапии по схеме FLOT.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gastric cancer</kwd><kwd>FLOT chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>predictive markers</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>предиктивные маркеры</kwd><kwd>химиотерапия по схеме FLOT</kwd><kwd>рак желудка</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed according to the Agreement of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation No. 075-15-2021- 1065 dated September 28, 2021 on the provision of a grant for the implementation of certain activities of the Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Genetic Technologies for 2019–2027.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках Соглашения Минобрнауки России № 075-15-2021-1065 от 28.09.2021 о предоставлении гранта на реализацию отдельных мероприятий Федеральной научно-технической программы развития генетических технологий на 2019–2027 гг.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Wong M.C.S., Huang J., Chan P.S.F. et al. 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