Advances in Molecular OncologyAdvances in Molecular OncologyУспехи молекулярной онкологии2313-805X2413-3787Publishing House ABV Press53710.17650/2313-805X-2023-10-2-8-16REVIEWОБЗОРНАЯ СТАТЬЯIn vivo models in cancer researchМодельные системы in vivo для исследований в онкологииhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2179-5685BokovaU. A.БоковаУ. А.
Russian Federation

Ustinya A. Bokova.

5 Kooperativnу St., Tomsk 634009

Бокова Устинья Анатольевна.

634009 Томск, Кооперативный пер., 5

pushkay@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5040-931XTretyakovaM. S.ТретьяковаМ. С.
Russian Federation

5 Kooperativnу St., Tomsk 634009

634009 Томск, Кооперативный пер., 5

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2633-9884SchegolevaA. A.ЩеголеваА. А.
Russian Federation

5 Kooperativnу St., Tomsk 634009

634009 Томск, Кооперативный пер., 5

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-9755DenisovE. V.ДенисовЕ. В.
Russian Federation

5 Kooperativnу St., Tomsk 634009

634009 Томск, Кооперативный пер., 5

Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of SciencesНаучно-исследовательский институт онкологии ФГБНУ «Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук»150520231028160804202310072023Copyright ©; 2023, Bokova U.A., Tretyakova M.S., Schegoleva A.A., Denisov E.V.Copyright ©; 2023, Бокова У.А., Третьякова М.С., Щеголева А.А., Денисов Е.В.2023Bokova U.A., Tretyakova M.S., Schegoleva A.A., Denisov E.V.Бокова У.А., Третьякова М.С., Щеголева А.А., Денисов Е.В.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/537

Cancers are one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. Cellular and physiological mechanisms of cancer development remain not well defined. In vivo models are an attractive  approach for understanding of cancer origin and progression. This review presents current state of experimental in vivo systems including syngeneic models, patient-derived xenografts (PDX), cell line-derived xenografts (CDX) and various animals – humanized and genetically engineered models (GEM). These models provide opportunities for developing patients’ avatars, lifetime visualization of tumor migration and invasion at the organism level, and the evaluation of new therapeutic  methods aimed at primary tumors, metastases, and cancer prevention. We also discuss the problems of choosing the optimal model and potential solutions for their overcoming.

На сегодняшний день онкологические заболевания являются одной из основных причин смертности населения. в понимании клеточных и физиологических процессов канцерогенеза и опухолевой прогрессии остаются существенные пробелы, заполнение которых возможно посредством использования моделей in vivo. в данном обзоре представлено современное состояние экспериментальных систем in vivo, включая сингенные модели, ксенотрансплантаты от клеток опухоли пациентов (patient-derived  xenograft, PDX), модели ксенографтов с использованием клеточных культур (cell line derived xenograft, CDX) и различные типы животных – гуманизированные и генно-инженерные (genetically engineered models, GEM). Рассматриваются возможности, которые открывают животные модели: создание аватара пациента, прижизненная визуализация опухолевой миграции и инвазии на организменном уровне и оценка новых терапевтических подходов, нацеленных на первичную опухоль, метастазы и профилактику онкологических заболеваний. Обсуждаются проблемы, с которыми сталкивается исследователь при выборе оптимальной модели, предлагаются возможные пути их решения.

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