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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Успехи молекулярной онкологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-805X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">606</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2313-805X-2023-10-4-97-107</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Analysis of the expression of matrix RNA of a panel of genes of morphologically unchanged rectal epithelium as a method of early diagnosis of colon pathology</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анализ экспрессии матричной РНК панели генов морфологически неизмененного эпителия прямой кишки как метод ранней диагностики патологии толстой кишки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8351-8152</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bozhenko</surname><given-names>V.  C.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боженко</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir K. Bozhenko.</p><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Боженко Владимир Константинович.</p><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86</p></bio><email>vbojenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7914-1882</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончаров</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2480-4145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharenko</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаренко</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8352-4787</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiseleva</surname><given-names>Ya.  Yu. </given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселева</surname><given-names>Я. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8017-5657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karmakova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кармакова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>32<sup>nd</sup> Botkinsky Proezd, Moscow 125284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2331-5753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulinich</surname><given-names>T.  M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулинич</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9057-6227</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stanoevich</surname><given-names>U. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Станоевич</surname><given-names>У. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Eliseeva St., Kislino Hutor, Ryshkovsky s/s, Kursk Region, Kursk District 305524</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>305524 Курская обл., Курский район, Рышковский с/с, хутор Кислино, ул. Елисеева, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1193-352X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnikova</surname><given-names>N.  V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельникова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9268-3221</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Senchukova</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сенчукова</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grunin</surname><given-names> I.  B. </given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грунин</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2401-5007</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bliznyukov</surname><given-names>O.  P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Близнюков</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1641-6452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solodky</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солодкий</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Российский научный центр рентгенорадиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">P.A. Herzen Moscow Research Oncological Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Center of Radiology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">G.E. Ostroverkhov Kursk Oncology Research and Clinical Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ОБУЗ «Курский онкологический научно-клинический центр им. Г.Е. Островерхова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-10"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-14"><day>14</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Bozhenko V. ., Goncharov S.V., Zakharenko M.V., Kiseleva Y.Y., Karmakova T.A., Kulinich T.M., Stanoevich U.S., Melnikova N.V., Senchukova A.L., Grunin  .B., Bliznyukov O. ., Solodky V.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Боженко В.К., Гончаров С.В., Захаренко М.В., Киселева Я.Ю., Кармакова Т.А., Кулинич Т.М., Станоевич У.С., Мельникова Н.В., Сенчукова А.Л., Грунин И.Б., Близнюков О.П., Солодкий В.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bozhenko V. ., Goncharov S.V., Zakharenko M.V., Kiseleva Y.Y., Karmakova T.A., Kulinich T.M., Stanoevich U.S., Melnikova N.V., Senchukova A.L., Grunin  .B., Bliznyukov O. ., Solodky V.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Боженко В.К., Гончаров С.В., Захаренко М.В., Киселева Я.Ю., Кармакова Т.А., Кулинич Т.М., Станоевич У.С., Мельникова Н.В., Сенчукова А.Л., Грунин И.Б., Близнюков О.П., Солодкий В.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/606">https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/606</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold>. The absence of specific clinical symptoms in the early stages of colorectal cancer development leads to the fact that a quarter of patients who seek help for the first time have a metastatic stage of the disease. For the timely detection of pre-tumor disorders or hidden foci of malignancy, the possibilities of modern molecular biological technologies are being actively studied today.</p><p><bold>Aim</bold>. To develop a method for diagnosing tumor diseases of the colon based on molecular genetic analysis of morphologically unchanged intestinal epithelium distant from the focus of the tumor lesion.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. We examined the matrix RNA (mRNA)  expression profile of 63 candidate genes potentially associated with the pathogenesis of neoplastic changes in rectal mucosal samples. Samples were obtained during prophylactic and/or diagnostic video colonoscopy of 122 patients, 41 of whom had no history of breast cancer (“Normal”), 32 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer polyps (“Polyposis”) and 49 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer (“colorectal cancer”). mRNA expression was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. Using the discriminant analysis method, it was established that  the cellular material of scrapings from the rectum in the “colorectal cancer” group reliably, with a classification accuracy above 96 %, differs in expression phenotype from the “Normal” and “Polyposis” groups.</p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. The data obtained are a prerequisite for the development of a minimally invasive diagnostic method that can be used as part of an outpatient  examination to assess the risk of colon tumor disease.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Отсутствие специфических  клинических симптомов на ранних стадиях развития колоректального рака приводит к тому, что четверть пациентов, впервые обращающихся за помощью, имеют метастатическую стадию заболевания. Для своевременного обнаружения предопухолевых нарушений или скрытых очагов малигнизации сегодня активно изучаются возможности современных молекулярно-биологических технологий.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – разработка метода диагностики опухолевых заболеваний толстой кишки на основе молекулярно-генетического анализа морфологически неизмененного кишечного эпителия, отдаленного от очага опухолевого поражения.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Исследован профиль экспрессии матричной РНК (мРНК) 63 генов-кандидатов, потенциально связанных с патогенезом неопластических изменений, в образцах слизистой оболочки прямой кишки. Образцы получены в ходе профилактической и/или диагностической видеоколоноскопии 122 пациентов, из которых у 41 в анамнезе не было заболеваний толстой кишки (группа «Норма»), у 32 – установлен диагноз «полипы толстой кишки» (группа «полипоз»), у 49 – диагноз «карцинома толстой кишки» (группа «колоректальный рак»). Экспрессию мРНК оценивали методом полимеразной цепной реакции с обратной транскрипцией.</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. С помощью дискриминантного  анализа установлено, что клеточный материал соскобов из прямой кишки в группе колоректального рака достоверно, с точностью выше 96 %, отличается  по экспрессионному фенотипу от групп нормы и полипоза.</p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Полученные данные являются предпосылкой к разработке малоинвазивного метода диагностики, который может быть использован в рамках амбулаторного обследования для оценки риска наличия опухолевого заболевания толстой кишки.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gene expression</kwd><kwd>matrix RNA</kwd><kwd>reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction</kwd><kwd>unchanged colon mucosa</kwd><kwd>colorectal cancer screening</kwd><kwd>diagnosis of colorectal cancer</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экспрессия генов</kwd><kwd>матричная РНК</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция с обратной транскрипцией</kwd><kwd>неизмененная слизистая оболочка толстой кишки</kwd><kwd>скрининг колоректального рака</kwd><kwd>диагностика колоректального рака</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Shaukat A., Kahi C.J., Burke C.A. et al. ACG Clinical Guidelines: Colorectal Cancer Screening 2021. 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