Advances in Molecular OncologyAdvances in Molecular OncologyУспехи молекулярной онкологии2313-805X2413-3787Publishing House ABV Press60710.17650/2313-805X-2023-10-4-86-96REVIEWОБЗОРНАЯ СТАТЬЯMolecular genetic markers of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity in patients with oncohematological diseases (review)Молекулярно-генетические маркеры риска развития кардиотоксичности, индуцированной химиотерапией, у больных онкогематологическими заболеваниями: обзор литературыhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-9275MilyutkinaYu. S.МилюткинаЮ. С.
Russian Federation

Yuliya S. Milyutkina.

20 Gagarin St., Samara 443079

Милюткина Юлия Сергеевна.

443079 Самара, ул. Гагарина, 20

yu.s.milyutkina@samsmu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3021-2130SustretovA. S.СустретовА. С.
Russian Federation

20 Gagarin St., Samara 443079

443079 Самара, ул. Гагарина, 20

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4529-5896LimarevaL.  V.ЛимареваЛ. В.
Russian Federation

20 Gagarin St., Samara 443079

443079 Самара, ул. Гагарина, 20

Scientific and Educational Professional Center of Genetic and Laboratory Technologies of Samara State Medical University, Ministry of Health of RussiaНаучно-образовательный профессиональный центр генетических и лабораторных технологий ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России1512202310486962707202314122023Copyright ©; 2023, Milyutkina Y.S., Sustretov A.S., Limareva L.V.Copyright ©; 2023, Милюткина Ю.С., Сустретов А.С., Лимарева Л.В.2023Milyutkina Y.S., Sustretov A.S., Limareva L.V.Милюткина Ю.С., Сустретов А.С., Лимарева Л.В.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/607

Cardiotoxicity of anticancer therapy is a severe adverse cardiovascular event affecting the survival of cancer patients. Modern methods for diagnosing cardiotoxicity allow to identify already occurred myocardial transformations, accompanied by symptoms of heart failure and are not predict and detect early changes in the heart tissue during treatment. Recently, increasing attention is paid to the search for molecular genetic markers, a single identification of which before starting treatment will make possible to determining the risks of cardiotoxicity and change treatment taking into account individual genetic characteristics. At the same time, most research on the effect of allelic variants of genes on cardio-vascular complications relate to chemotherapy of solid tumors. The review considered possible prognostic genetic variants of cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapy in patients with the hematopoietic and lymphatic malignancies.

Кардиотоксичность противоопухолевых препаратов является серьезным нежелательным явлением со стороны сердечно-сосудистой  системы, неблагоприятно  влияющим на выживаемость онкологических больных. Современные методы диагностики кардиотоксических эффектов основаны на выявлении уже существующих повреждений,  сопряженных с симптомами сердечной недостаточности, и не подходят для прогнозирования ранних изменений в сердечной ткани на фоне лечения. В последнее время все больше внимания уделяется поиску молекулярно-генетических маркеров, однократная идентификация которых до начала лечения позволит определить риск развития кардиотоксичности и скорректировать терапию с учетом индивидуальных генетических особенностей пациентов. при этом большинство исследований влияния аллельных вариантов генов на сердечно-сосудистые осложнения относятся к химиотерапии солидных опухолей. В данном  обзоре рассмотрены возможные прогностические генетические варианты риска развития кардиотоксичности, индуцированной химиотерапией, у пациентов со злокачественными новообразованиями  лимфатической и кроветворной тканей.

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