Advances in Molecular OncologyAdvances in Molecular OncologyУспехи молекулярной онкологии2313-805X2413-3787Publishing House ABV Press61110.17650/2313-805X-2023-10-4-76-85REVIEWОБЗОРНАЯ СТАТЬЯNon-structural role of cytokeratins in malignant neoplasmsНеструктурная роль цитокератинов при злокачественных новообразованияхhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2399-4170BoldyshevskayaM. A.БолдышевскаяМ. А.
Russian Federation

5 Kooperativny Line, Tomsk 634009

634009 Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-8417TashirevaL.  A.ТаширеваЛ. А.
Russian Federation

Liubov A. Tashireva.

5 Kooperativny Line, Tomsk 634009

Таширева Любовь Александровна.

634009 Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5

tashireva@oncology.tomsk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0909-9206AndryukhovaE. S.АндрюховаЕ. С.
Russian Federation

5 Kooperativny Line, Tomsk 634009

634009 Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3009-2404DronovaT. A.ДроноваТ. А.
Russian Federation

5 Kooperativny Line, Tomsk 634009

634009 Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1195-4008VtorushinS. V.ВторушинС. В.
Russian Federation

5 Kooperativny Line, Tomsk 634009; 2 Moskovsky Trakt, Tomsk 634050

634009 Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5; 634050 Томск, Московский тракт, 2

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7633-9620PerelmuterV. M.ПерельмутерВ. М.
Russian Federation

5 Kooperativny Line, Tomsk 634009

634009 Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5

Cancer Research Institute of Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of SciencesНаучно-исследовательский институт онкологии ФГБНУ «Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук»Siberian State Medical UniversityФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России1512202310476853108202315122023Copyright ©; 2023, Boldyshevskaya M.A., Tashireva L.A., Andryukhova E.S., Dronova T.A., Vtorushin S.V., Perelmuter V.M.Copyright ©; 2023, Болдышевская М.А., Таширева Л.А., Андрюхова Е.С., Дронова Т.А., Вторушин С.В., Перельмутер В.М.2023Boldyshevskaya M.A., Tashireva L.A., Andryukhova E.S., Dronova T.A., Vtorushin S.V., Perelmuter V.M.Болдышевская М.А., Таширева Л.А., Андрюхова Е.С., Дронова Т.А., Вторушин С.В., Перельмутер В.М.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/611

Cytokeratins (CKs) are well studied as intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells, providing specific cell structure and morphology, in particular, apico-basal cell polarization. Meanwhile, a certain specificity of the association of CK with different types of epithelia is noted. CK heterogeneity  in the glandular epithelium is particularly pronounced and is associated with anatomical localization. The relative specificity of CKs in epithelium of different localization is preserved to a great extent in carcinomas originating from this epithelium as well. Due to this fact the determination of CK spectrum in tumor cells is quite an effective tool for nosological diagnostics of carcinomas. however, the function of CKs is not limited to providing the cell structure. The presence and amount of CK changes during the most important processes in normal and tumor cells: movement/invasion, apoptosis, proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity.

A question arises: Is initiation of the above-listed processes happens first, and therefore CK changes are secondary and «passive», or in some processes CK changes can play a role of a trigger? Knowing the answer to this question is not only of fundamental importance, but is also important for finding ways to control the above processes by influencing the CKs.

Цитокератины (ЦК) являются промежуточными филаментами цитоскелета эпителиальных клеток и обеспечивают специфическую  структуру и морфологию клеток, в частности апико-базальную поляризацию клеток. Отмечается определенная специфика ассоциации ЦК с разными типами эпителия. Гетерогенность ЦК, которая сопряжена с анатомической локализацией, особенно выражена в железистом эпителии. Относительная специфичность ЦК в эпителии разной локализации сохраняется в значительной степени и при его злокачественной трансформации. Благодаря этому определение спектра ЦК в опухолевых клетках является довольно эффективным инструментом нозологической диагностики карцином. Однако функция ЦК не исчерпывается обеспечением структуры клетки. Наличие/отсутствие ЦК и их количество обусловлены важнейшими процессами в нормальных и опухолевых клетках: движением/инвазией, апоптозом, пролиферацией, эпителиально-мезенхимальным переходом. Возникает вопрос: «Первична ли инициация перечисленных процессов, и тогда изменения ЦК вторичны и «пассивны», или в каких-то процессах изменения ЦК могут играть роль триггера?» Ответ на него не только имеет фундаментальное значение, но и важен для поиска способов управления указанными процессами путем воздействия на ЦК.

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