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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Успехи молекулярной онкологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-805X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">675</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2313-805X-2024-11-2-40-49</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Molecular classifications of gastric cancer and their clinical potential</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярные классификации рака желудка и их клинический потенциал</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2835-5992</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nemtsova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Немцова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina Vyacheslavovna Nemtsova</p><p>119048; Bld. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St.; 115522; 1 Moskvorechye St.; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Вячеславовна Немцова</p><p>119048; ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; 115522; ул. Москворечье, 1; Москва</p></bio><email>nemtsova_m_v@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Molchanov</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молчанов</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119048; Bld. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St.; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119048; ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-0430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119048; Bld. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St.; 115522; 1 Moskvorechye St.; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119048; ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; 115522; ул. Москворечье, 1; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2043-5848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bure</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буре</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119048; Bld. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St.; 125993; Bld. 1, 2/1 Barricadnaya St.; Moscow </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119048; ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; 125993; ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медико-генетический научный центр им. акад. Н.П. Бочкова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-06-28"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-06-28"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Nemtsova M.V., Molchanov A.D., Kuznetsova E.B., Bure I.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Немцова М.В., Молчанов А.Д., Кузнецова Е.Б., Буре И.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nemtsova M.V., Molchanov A.D., Kuznetsova E.B., Bure I.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Немцова М.В., Молчанов А.Д., Кузнецова Е.Б., Буре И.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/675">https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/675</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Gastric cancer if the 5<sup>th</sup> most common oncological disease in the world and one of the leading causes of death associated with this pathology. In clinical practice, the Lauren classification is widely used for gastric cancer characterization, but it does not provide accurate information on tumor progression and does not allow to select the optimal therapeutic approach. More modern tumor typologies, for example proposed by the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG), are based on profiling of molecular changes in the tumor genome. Currently, several new classifications exist dividing gastric cancer into groups depending on response to different treatment, for example, checkpoint inhibitors or therapy based on activity of pathological pathways associated with immunity, DNA repair, oncogenic and stromal signatures. The proposed typologies improve diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. The review describes currently available classifications of gastric tumors and considers their practical potential.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>   Рак желудка занимает 5-е место по частоте встречаемости среди онкологических заболеваний в мире и является одной из ведущих причин смертности, связанных с данной патологией. В клинической практике для характеристики рака желудка широко используется классификация Lauren, однако она не дает точной информации о течении опухолевого процесса и не позволяет выбрать оптимальный терапевтический подход. Более современные типологии опухолей, например, предложенные исследовательскими группами проекта «Атлас ракового генома» (The Cancer Genome Atlas, TCGA) и Азиатской группы по исследованию рака (Asian Cancer Research Group, ACRG), основаны на профилировании молекулярных изменений в опухолевом геноме. На сегодняшний день существуют несколько новых классификаций, согласно которым рак желудка разделяют на типы в зависимости от ответа на разные виды лечения, например, на терапию ингибиторами контрольных точек иммунитета или терапию, основанную на активности патологических путей, ассоциированных с иммунитетом, процессами репарации ДНк, онкогенными и стромальными сигнатурами. Предложенные типологии способствуют улучшению диагностики и лечения данной патологии. В обзоре представлены существующие на данный момент классификации опухолей желудка и рассмотрен их практический потенциал.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gastric cancer</kwd><kwd>chromosomal instability</kwd><kwd>The Cancer Genome Atlas</kwd><kwd>Asian Cancer Research Group</kwd><kwd>Epstein–Barr virus-associated gastric cancer</kwd><kwd>microsatellite instability-associated gastric cancer</kwd><kwd>chromosomally unstable gastric cancer</kwd><kwd>genomically stable gastric cancer</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак желудка</kwd><kwd>хромосомная нестабильность</kwd><kwd>The Cancer Genome Atlas</kwd><kwd>Asian Cancer Research Group</kwd><kwd>рак желудка, ассоциированный с вирусом Эпштейна–Барр</kwd><kwd>рак желудка, ассоциированный с микросателлитной нестабильностью</kwd><kwd>хромосомно-нестабильный рак желудка</kwd><kwd>геномно-стабильный рак желудка</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No 20-75-10117-P)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (грант № 20-75-10117-П)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ferlay J., Soerjomataram I., Dikshit R. et al. 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