<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Успехи молекулярной онкологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-805X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">708</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2313-805X-2024-11-3-56-67</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Diagnostic potential of miRNA-135A1 in human papillomavirus associated cervical lesions</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Диагностический потенциал микроРНК-135A1 при ассоциированных с вирусом папилломы человека поражениях шейки матки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4793-6063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Elkin</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елкин</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данила Сергеевич Елкин</p><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><email>d.elkin@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4933-9026</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Taubinskaya</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таубинская</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0503-6016</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Elkina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елкина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0050-7798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Faskhutdinov</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фасхутдинов</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8813-7516</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7405-0671</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Katargin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Катаргин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1380-3710</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhordania</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жорданиа</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-0383</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mustafina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мустафина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8823-0174</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grivachev</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гривачев</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3993-4823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1615-3928</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinokurova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Винокурова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-11"><day>11</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Elkin D.S., Taubinskaya M.I., Elkina N.V., Faskhutdinov R.S., Fedorova M.D., Katargin A.N., Zhordania K.I., Mustafina E.A., Grivachev E.A., Pavlova L.S., Vinokurova S.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Елкин Д.С., Таубинская М.И., Елкина Н.В., Фасхутдинов Р.С., Федорова М.Д., Катаргин А.Н., Жорданиа К.И., Мустафина Е.А., Гривачев Е.А., Павлова Л.С., Винокурова С.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Elkin D.S., Taubinskaya M.I., Elkina N.V., Faskhutdinov R.S., Fedorova M.D., Katargin A.N., Zhordania K.I., Mustafina E.A., Grivachev E.A., Pavlova L.S., Vinokurova S.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Елкин Д.С., Таубинская М.И., Елкина Н.В., Фасхутдинов Р.С., Федорова М.Д., Катаргин А.Н., Жорданиа К.И., Мустафина Е.А., Гривачев Е.А., Павлова Л.С., Винокурова С.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/708">https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/708</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold>. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with high-risk HPVs is an etiological factor in the development of cervical cancer, with HPV type 16 (HPV16) being the most common. The mechanisms leading to disruption of viral oncogene expression and initiation of epithelial cell transformation are poorly understood. Epigenetic regulatory factors, including cellular miRNAs, may play an important role in HPV-induced carcinogenesis, and aberrantly expressed miRNAs may be promising markers for the diagnosis of HPV-associated lesions.<bold>Aim</bold>. To search for miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of HPV16-associated cervical cancer and to evaluate their diagnostic potential for the detection of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.<bold>Materials and methods</bold>. MiRNA expression in clinical samples was assessed by both next generation sequencing and quantitative stem-loop polymerase chain reaction (sl-qPCR). Plasma miRNAs from patients with precancerous and cancerous lesions and healthy donors were analyzed using sl-qPCR. Loss of heterozygosity in cervical cancer samples was assessed by copy number ratio of MIR135A1 and ACTB genes. A total of 67 patients with cervical cancer, 21 with precancerous cervical lesions and 24 healthy donors were included in the study. The effect of DNA methylation on miRNA-135A1 expression was evaluated after treatment with a demethylating agent of the cervical HPV16-positive SiHa cell line. Changes in the expression of the HPV16 E6 oncogene were analyzed after transfection with synthetic analogues of the mature forms of miRNA-135А1 (miRNA-135a-3p and miRNA-135a-5p).<bold>Results</bold>. A significant decrease in the expression of miRNA-135A1 and miRNA-135A2 was detected in tumor tissue samples from HPV16-positive cervical cancer, which was confirmed by sl-qPCR in an independent panel of tumor samples. A decrease in miRNA-135A1 expression was shown to result from both loss of heterozygosity of the gene and aberrant DNA methylation. Transfection of mature forms of miRNA-135A1 into SiHa cells resulted in decreased expression of the E6 oncogene of HPV16. Blood plasma samples from patients with cervical cancer and precancerous lesions showed lower levels of miRNA-135a-3p than healthy donors, and ROC analysis indicated its high diagnostic potential.<bold>Conclusion</bold>. Levels of miRNA-135A1 are significantly reduced in cervical lesions, both in tumor tissue and plasma, and the ability of this miRNA to suppress the expression of the HPV16 E6 oncogene suggests its oncosuppressive properties. Thus, miRNA-135A1 can be used as a promising new marker for the diagnosis of HPV-associated lesions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Инфекция вируса папилломы человека (ВПЧ) высокого онкогенного риска является этиологическим фактором развития рака шейки матки, причем наиболее распространенным является ВПЧ 16-го типа (ВПЧ16). Механизмы, приводящие к нарушению экспрессии вирусных онкогенов и запуску процесса онкотрансформации, недостаточно изучены. Эпигенетические факторы регуляции, в том числе клеточные микроРНК, могут играть большую роль в ВПЧ-индуцированном канцерогенезе, а аберрантно экспрессированные микроРНК рассматриваться как перспективные маркеры для диагностики ВПЧ-ассоциированных поражений.<bold>Цель исследования</bold> – поиск микроРНК, вовлеченных в патогенез ВПЧ16-ассоциированного рака шейки матки, и оценка их диагностического потенциала для выявления рака или предраковых поражений шейки матки.<bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Экспрессию микроРНК в клинических образцах оценивали с помощью секвенирования нового поколения (next generation sequencing, NGS) и количественной stem-loop полимеразной цепной реакции (sl-кПЦР), для анализа микроРНК в плазме крови использовали sl-кПЦР. Потерю гетерозиготности в образцах рака шейки матки оценивали по соотношению числа копий генов MIR135A1 и ACTB. Всего в исследование вошли 67 пациентов с раком шейки матки, 21 с предраковыми поражениями шейки матки и 24 здоровых донора. Влияние метилирования ДНК на экспрессию микроРНК-135A1 оценивали после обработки деметилирующим агентом цервикальной ВПЧ16-положительной клеточной линии SiHa. Изменение экспрессии онкогена E6 ВПЧ16 оценивали после трансфекции синтетических аналогов зрелых форм микроРНК-135a-3p и микроРНК-135a-5p.<bold>Результаты</bold>. В образцах опухолевой ткани ВПЧ16-положительного рака шейки матки выявлено значительное снижение экспрессии микроРНК-135А1 и микроРНК-135A2, что подтверждено на независимой выборке опухолевого материала методом sl-кПЦР. Снижение экспрессии микроРНК-135A1 может быть обусловлено как потерей гетерозиготности соответствующего гена, так и аберрантным метилированием ДНК. Трансфекция зрелых форм микроРНК в клетки SiHa приводила к снижению экспрессии онкогена E6 ВПЧ16. В образцах плазмы крови пациентов с РШМ и предраковыми поражениями наблюдается более низкий уровень микроРНК-135a-3p, чем у здоровых доноров, а проведенный ROC-анализ указывает на ее высокую диагностическую значимость.<bold>Заключение</bold>. Уровень микроРНК-135А1 значительно снижен при цервикальных поражениях как в опухолевой ткани, так и в плазме крови, а способность данной микроРНК подавлять экспрессию онкогена E6 ВПЧ16 говорит о наличии у нее онкосупрессорных свойств. Таким образом, микроРНК-135А1 является перспективным маркером для диагностики ВПЧ-ассоциированных поражений.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cervical precancerous lesion</kwd><kwd>cervical cancer</kwd><kwd>human papillomavirus</kwd><kwd>miRNA-135A1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>предраковое поражение шейки матки</kwd><kwd>рак шейки матки</kwd><kwd>вирус папилломы человека</kwd><kwd>микроРНК-135А1</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was funded by the Russian Scientific Foundation (grant No. 23-15-00433, https://rscf.ru/en/project/23-15-00433).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (грант № 23-15-00433, https://rscf.ru/project/23-15-00433).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>de Martel C., Plummer M., Vignat J. et al. Worldwide burden of cancer attributable to HPV by site, country and HPV type. Int J Cancer 2017;141(4):664–70. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30716</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>de Sanjose S., Bruni L., Alemany L. HPV in genital cancers (at the exception of cervical cancer) and anal cancers. Presse Med 2014;43(12 Pt.2):e423–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2014.10.001</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vinokurova S.V., Katargin A.N. Human papillomavirus and upper respiratory diseases: head and neck cancer and respiratory papillomatosis. Golova i sheya. Rossiyskiy zhurnal = Head and Neck. Russian Journal 2023;11(1):62–73. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Винокурова С.В., Катаргин А.Н. Вирус папилломы человека и заболевания верхних дыхательных путей: рак головы и шеи и респираторный папилломатоз. Голова и шея. Российский журнал 2023;11(1):62–73.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Medda A., Duca D., Chiocca S. Human papillomavirus and cellular pathways: hits and targets. Pathogens 2021;10(3):262. DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10030262</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Doorbar J. The human papillomavirus twilight zone – latency, immune control and subclinical infection. Tumour Virus Res 2023;16:200268. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2023.200268</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Shanmugasundaram S., You J. Targeting persistent human papillomavirus infection. Viruses 2017;9(8):229. DOI: 10.3390/v9080229</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Woodman C.B., Collins S., Winter H. et al. Natural history of cervical human papillomavirus infection in young women: a longitudinal cohort study. Lancet 2001;357(9271):1831–6. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04956-4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Franco E.L., Villa L.L., Sobrinho J.P. et al. Epidemiology of acquisition and clearance of cervical human papillomavirus infection in women from a high-risk area for cervical cancer. J Infect Dis 1999;180(5):1415–23. DOI: 10.1086/315086</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Klaes R., Friedrich T., Spitkovsky D. et al. Overexpression of p16(INK4A) as a specific marker for dysplastic and neoplastic epithelial cells of the cervix uteri. Int J Cancer 2001;92(2):276–84. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.1174</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Sano T., Oyama T., Kashiwabara K. et al. Expression status of p16 protein is associated with human papillomavirus oncogenic potential in cervical and genital lesions. Am J Pathol 1998;153(6):1741–8. DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65689-1</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Castle P.E., Gage J.C., Wheeler C.M. et al. The clinical meaning of a cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 biopsy. Obstet Gynecol 2011;118(6):1222–9. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318237caf4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Doorbar J., Quint W., Banks L. et al. The biology and life-cycle of human papillomaviruses. Vaccine 2012;30(5):F55–70. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.083</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Ehret A., Bark V.N., Mondal A. et al. Regression rate of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions in women younger than 25 years. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023;307(3):981–90. DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06680-4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Thierry F. Transcriptional regulation of the papillomavirus oncogenes by cellular and viral transcription factors in cervical carcinoma. Virology 2009;384(2):375–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2008.11.014</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Pett M., Coleman N. Integration of high-risk human papillomavirus: a key event in cervical carcinogenesis? J Pathol 2007;212(4):356–67. DOI: 10.1002/path.2192</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Vinokurova S., Wentzensen N., Kraus I. et al. Type-dependent integration frequency of human papillomavirus genomes in cervical lesions. Cancer Res 2008;68(1):307–13. DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-2754</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Arias-Pulido H., Peyton C.L., Joste N.E. et al. Human papillomavirus type 16 integration in cervical carcinoma in situ and in invasive cervical cancer. J Clin Microbiol2006;44(5):1755–62. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.44.5.1755-1762.2006</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Girardi E., Lopez P., Pfeffer S. On the importance of host microRNAs during viral infection. Front Genet 2018;9:439. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00439</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Lin M., Xue X.Y., Liang S.Z. et al. MiR-187 overexpression inhibits cervical cancer progression by targeting HPV16 E6. Oncotarget 2017;8(38):62914–26. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17516</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Jung H.M., Phillips B.L., Chan E.K. MiR-375 activates p21 and suppresses telomerase activity by coordinately regulating HPV E6/E7, E6AP, CIP2A, and 14-3-3zeta. Mol Cancer 2014;13:80. DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-80</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Wang F., Li Y., Zhou J. et al. miR-375 is down-regulated in squamous cervical cancer and inhibits cell migration and invasion via targeting transcription factor SP1. Am J Pathol 2011;179(5):2580–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.07.037</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Chen C., Ridzon D.A., Broomer A.J. et al. Real-time quantification of microRNAs by stem-loop RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Res 2005;33(20):e179. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gni178</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Chirgwin J.M., Przybyla A.E., MacDonald R.J. et al. Isolation of biologically active ribonucleic acid from sources enriched in ribonuclease. Biochemistry 1979;18(24):5294–9.DOI: 10.1021/bi00591a005</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spitkovsky D.D., Zborovskaya I.B., Kiselev F.L. Transcription of cellular oncogenes in human tumors. Molekulyarnaya biologiya = Molecular Biology 1986;20(5):1409–22. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Спитковский Д.Д., Зборовская И.Б., Киселев Ф.Л. Транскрипция клеточных онкогенов в опухолях человека. Молекулярная биология 1986;20(5):1409–22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Chang T.H., Huang H.Y., Hsu J.B. et al. An enhanced computational platform for investigating the roles of regulatory RNA and for identifying functional RNA motifs. BMC Bioinformatics 2013;14(2):S4. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-14-S2-S4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Kisseljova N.P., Fedorova M.D., Zaikina A.E. et al. [Identification regulatory noncoding RNAs of human papilloma virus type 16 (papillomaviridae: alphapapillomavirus: human papillomavirus) in cervical tumors]. Vopr Virusol 2022;67(3):217–26. DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-108</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Dasgupta S., Chakraborty S.B., Roy A. et al. Differential deletions of chromosome 3p are associated with the development of uterine cervical carcinoma in Indian patients. Mol Pathol 2003;56(5):263–9. DOI: 10.1136/mp.56.5.263</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Guo Z., Wu F., Asplund A. et al. Analysis of intratumoral heterogeneity of chromosome 3p deletions and genetic evidence of polyclonal origin of cervical squamous carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2001;14(2):54–61. DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.3880256</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skryabin G.O., Belyaeva A.A., Enikeev A.D. et al. Analysis of miRNAs miR-125a-5p, -27a-5p, -193a-5p, -135b-5p, -451a, -495-3p and -136-5p in parental ovarian cancer cells and secreted extracellular vesicles. . Uspekhi molekulyarnoy onkologii = Advances in Molecular Oncology 2024;11(1):113–23. DOI: 10.17650/2313-805X-2024-11-1-113-123</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скрябин Г.О., Беляева А.А., Еникеев А.Д. и др. Анализ микроРНК miR-125a-5p, -27a-5p, -193a-5p, -135b-5p, -451а, -495-3р и -136-5р в клетках рака яичника и секретируемых ими экстраклеточных везикулах. Успехи молекулярной онкологии 2024;11(1):113–23. DOI: 10.17650/2313-805X-2024-11-1-113-123</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Fu L., Xia W., Shi W. et al. Deep learning based cervical screening by the cross-modal integration of colposcopy, cytology, and HPV test. Int J Med Inform 2022;159:104675. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2021.104675</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Cho H.W., So K.A., Lee J.K. et al. Type-specific persistence or regression of human papillomavirus genotypes in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1: a prospective cohort study. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2015;58(1):40–5. DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2015.58.1.40</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Takeda M., Sakuragi N., Okamoto K. et al. Preoperative serum SCC, CA125, and CA19-9 levels and lymph node status in squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2002;81(5):451–7. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0412.2002.810513.x</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Yin S., Yang M., Li X. et al. Peripheral blood circulating microRNA-4636/-143 for the prognosis of cervical cancer. J Cell Biochem 2020;121(1):596–608. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29305</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Zheng M., Hou L., Ma Y. et al. Exosomal let-7d-3p and miR-30d-5p as diagnostic biomarkers for non-invasive screening of cervical cancer and its precursors. Mol Cancer 2019;18(1):76. DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-0999-x</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Ning R., Meng S., Wang L. et al. 6 circulating miRNAs can be used as non-invasive biomarkers for the detection of cervical lesions. J Cancer 2021;12(17):5106–13. DOI: 10.7150/jca.51141</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Xu B., Tao T., Wang Y. et al. Hsa-miR-135a-1 inhibits prostate cancer cell growth and migration by targeting EGFR. Tumour Biol 2016;37(10):14141–51. DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5196-6</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Wang N., Tao L., Zhong H. et al. MiR-135b inhibits tumour metastasis in prostate cancer by targeting STAT6. Oncol Lett 2016;11(1):543–50. DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3970</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Kroiss A., Vincent S., Decaussin-Petrucci M. et al. Androgenregulated microRNA-135a decreases prostate cancer cell migration and invasion through downregulating ROCK1 and ROCK2.Oncogene 2015;34(22):2846–55. DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.222</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Zhou W., Bi X., Gao G. et al. MiRNA-133b and miRNA-135a induce apoptosis via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in human renal carcinoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2016;84:722–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.074</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Yamada Y., Hidaka H., Seki N. et al. Tumor-suppressivemicroRNA-135a inhibits cancer cell proliferation by targeting the c-MYC oncogene in renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2013;104(3):304–12. DOI: 10.1111/cas.12072</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Gomez Zubieta D.M., Hamood M.A., Beydoun R. et al. MicroRNA-135 aregulates NHE9 to inhibit proliferation and migration of glioblastoma cells. Cell Commun Signal 2017;15(1):55. DOI: 10.1186/s12964-017-0209-7</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Wu S., Lin Y., Xu D. et al. MiR-135a functions as a selective killer of malignant glioma. Oncogene 2012;31(34):3866–74. DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.551</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><mixed-citation>Li J., Liang H., Bai M. et al. Correction: miR-135b promotes cancer progression by targeting transforming growth factor beta receptor II (TGFBR2) in colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2015;10(12):e0145589. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145589</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><mixed-citation>Li J., Liang H., Bai M. et al. MiR-135b promotes cancer progression by targeting transforming growth factor beta receptor II (TGFBR2) in colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2015;10(6):e0130194. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130194</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><mixed-citation>Huang K.T., Kuo I.Y., Tsai M.C. et al. Factor VII-induced microRNA-135a inhibits autophagy and is associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2017;9:274–83. DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.10.002</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><mixed-citation>Li Y., Xu D., Bao C. et al. MicroRNA-135b, a HSF1 target, promotes tumor invasion and metastasis by regulating RECK and EVI5 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2015;6(4):2421–33. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2965</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B47"><label>47.</label><mixed-citation>Fukagawa S., Miyata K., Yotsumoto F. et al. MicroRNA-135a-3p as a promising biomarker and nucleic acid therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer. Cancer Sci 2017;108(5):886–96. DOI: 10.1111/cas.13210</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B48"><label>48.</label><mixed-citation>Zhang Y.K., Sun B., Sui G. Serum microRNA-135a downregulation as a prognostic marker of non-small cell lung cancer. Genet Mol Res 2016;15(3). DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15038252</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B49"><label>49.</label><mixed-citation>Wang Q., Zhang H., Shen X. et al. Serum microRNA-135a-5p as an auxiliary diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer. Ann Clin Biochem 2017;54(1):76–85. DOI: 10.1177/0004563216638108</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
