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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advances in Molecular Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Успехи молекулярной онкологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-805X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">783</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2313-805X-2025-12-2-35-46</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Molecular genetic classification of endometrial cancer in the context of personalised medicine</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярно-генетическая классификация рака эндометрия в контексте персонализированной медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1711-8334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyubchenko</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любченко</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila Nikolaevna Lyubchenko</p><p>51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow 105425</p><p>4 Koroleva St., Obninsk 249036</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Николаевна Любченко </p><p>105425 Москва,  3-я Парковая улица, 51, стр. 1</p><p>249036 Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4</p></bio><email>clingen@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7481-9631</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhtarulina</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухтарулина</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow 105425</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425 Москва, 3-я Парковая улица, 51, стр. 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3961-921X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Meshkova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мешкова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow 105425</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425 Москва, 3-я Парковая улица, 51, стр. 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2024-9064</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidakova</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидакова</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow 105425</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425 Москва, 3-я Парковая улица, 51, стр. 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0421-4172</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volchenko</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волченко</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 2nd Botkinsky Proezd, Moscow 125284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3537-6377</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 2nd Botkinsky Proezd, Moscow 125284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.A. Lopatkin Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – branch of National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт урологии и интервенционной радиологии им. Н.А. Лопаткина – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">P.A. Hertzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-27"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-27"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Lyubchenko L.N., Mukhtarulina S.V., Meshkova M.A., Sidakova Z.A., Volchenko N.N., Novikova E.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Любченко Л.Н., Мухтарулина С.В., Мешкова М.А., Сидакова З.А., Волченко Н.Н., Новикова Е.Г.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lyubchenko L.N., Mukhtarulina S.V., Meshkova M.A., Sidakova Z.A., Volchenko N.N., Novikova E.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Любченко Л.Н., Мухтарулина С.В., Мешкова М.А., Сидакова З.А., Волченко Н.Н., Новикова Е.Г.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/783">https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/783</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents a new classification of endometrial cancer developed by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO): FIGO 2023. Literature search was performed in the PubMed, Medline, RSCI (Russian Science Citation Index) databases using key words “endometrial cancer”, “molecular genetic study”, “FIGO 2023”, “POLE gene mutations”, “dMMR status”, “ТР53 gene”, “NSMP”. In total, 206 articles were found (published between 1983 and 2024), the more significant articles (45) were included in this literature review. The renewed FIGO 2023 classification contains 19 endometrial cancer substages: 5 are included in stage I, 3 in stage II, 8 in stage III, 3 in stage IV. The main differences of the new classification from FIGO 2009 are the specification of tumor type (aggressive/non-aggressive), level of lymphovascular involvement, presence of macro- or micrometastases in the lymph nodes, as well as characteristics of molecular and genetic markers. According to the new FIGO 2023 classification, change of stage is recommended depending on the presence of mutations in the POLE and ТР53 genes. Thus, stage IA includes tumors with favorable prognosis and mutation in the POLE gene (stage IAmPOLEmut), stage IIC includes tumors with unfavorable prognosis and mutation in the ТР53 gene (stage IICmp53abn). According to the data of trials, the identified substages – which take into account molecular profile of the tumor – significantly differ in terms of oncological outcomes of disease progression.</p><p>Therefore, introduction of the new FIGO 2023 classification taking into account molecular biology features of the tumor will allow to adopt a more targeted approach to management of patients with endometrial cancer and to make predictions on disease progression. One of the remaining important questions is further study of long-term results of adjuvant therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье представлена новая классификационная система рака эндометрия, разработанная Международной федерацией акушеров и гинекологов (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, FIGO), – FIGO 2023. поиск литературы осуществляли в базах данных PubMed, Medline, РиНЦ (Российский индекс научного цитирования) по ключевым словам «рак эндометрия», «молекулярно-генетическое исследование», «FIGO 2023», «мутации гена POLE», «dMMR-статус», «ген ТР53», «NSMP». по теме найдены 206 статей (опубликованы с 1983 по 2024 г.), более значимые из них (45 статей) включены в данный обзор литературы. Обновленная классификация FIGO 2023 содержит 19  под стадий рака эндометрия: 5 из них объединены в стадию I, 3 – в стадию II, 8 – в стадию III, 3 – в стадию IV. Основными ее отличиями от классификационной системы FIGO 2009 являются уточнение типа опухоли (агрессивный/не агрессивный), степени лимфоваскулярной инвазии, наличия макро- или микрометастазов в лимфатических узлах, а также характеристика молекулярно-генетических маркеров. Согласно новой классификации FIGO 2023 рекомендовано изменение стадии в зависимости от наличия мутации в генах POLE и ТР53. Так, к IA подстадии относят опухоли с благоприятным прогнозом и мутацией в гене POLE (IAmPOLEmut стадия), к IIC подстадии – опухоли с неблагоприятным прогнозом и мутацией в гене ТР53 (IICmp53abn стадия). Согласно данным, полученным в ходе исследований, выделенные подстадии с учетом молекулярного профиля опухоли значительно различаются по результатам течения заболевания.</p><p>Введение новой классификации FIGO 2023, учитывающей молекулярно-биологические аспекты опухоли, позволит индивидуализировать тактику ведения пациенток, страдающих раком эндометрия, а также прогнозировать течение заболевания. Актуальным вопросом остается дальнейшее изучение отдаленных результатов адъювантной терапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endometrial cancer</kwd><kwd>molecular classification</kwd><kwd>International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics classification</kwd><kwd>FIGO 2023</kwd><kwd>mutation</kwd><kwd>gene</kwd><kwd>POLE</kwd><kwd>dMMR</kwd><kwd>TP53</kwd><kwd>microsatellite instability</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак эндометрия</kwd><kwd>молекулярная классификация</kwd><kwd>классификация Международной федерации акушеров и гинекологов</kwd><kwd>International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics</kwd><kwd>FIGO 2023</kwd><kwd>мутация</kwd><kwd>ген</kwd><kwd><italic>POLE</italic></kwd><kwd>dMMR</kwd><kwd><italic>TP53</italic></kwd><kwd>микросателлитная нестабильность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malignant neoplasms in Russia in 2023 (morbidity and mortality). 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