Advances in Molecular OncologyAdvances in Molecular OncologyУспехи молекулярной онкологии2313-805X2413-3787Publishing House ABV Press8210.17650/2313-805X-2017-4-1-8-16REVIEW ARTICLESОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИActin isoforms and neoplastic transformationИзоформы актина и неопл астическая трансформацияDuginaV. B.ДугинаВ. Б.
Russian Federation

1, Build. 40 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia

Россия, 119992 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 40

ShagievaG. S.ШагиеваГ. С.
Russian Federation

1, Build. 40 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia

Россия, 119992 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 40

KhromovaN. V.ХромоваН. В.
Russian Federation

24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia

Россия, 115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24

KopninP. B.КопнинП. Б.
Russian Federation

24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia

Россия, 115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24

pbkopnin@mail.ruA.N. Belozerskiy Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityНаучно-исследовательский институт физико-химической биологии им. А.Н. Белозерского ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»Research Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Ministry of Health of RussiaНаучно-исследовательский институт канцерогенеза ФГБУ «Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России15012017418161804201718042017Copyright ©; 2017, Dugina V.B., Shagieva G.S., Khromova N.V., Kopnin P.B.Copyright ©; 2017, Дугина В.Б., Шагиева Г.С., Хромова Н.В., Копнин П.Б.2017Dugina V.B., Shagieva G.S., Khromova N.V., Kopnin P.B.Дугина В.Б., Шагиева Г.С., Хромова Н.В., Копнин П.Б.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/82

The cytoplasmic actins (β and γ) play crucial roles during key cellular processes like adhesion, migration, polarization and cytokinesis. The understanding of their specific underlying mechanisms would be of major relevance not only for fundamental research but also for clinical applications, since modulations of actin isoforms are directly or indirectly correlated with severe pathologies. The major goal of the research was to elucidate the function of the actin isoforms during motile activities, adhesions and cell division and to investigate whether their expression and/or structural organization is related to pathological function. Selective depletion of β- and γ-cytoplasmic actins allowed attributing functional diversities of β- and γ-сytoplasmic actins. β-Сytoplasmic actin plays a preferential role in contractile activities, whereas γ-cytoplasmic actin mainly participates in the formation of a submembranous network necessary for cell shape flexibility and motile activity. The roles of isoforms in regulating the integrity of adherens and tight junctions respectively were demonstrated. Unique roles of β- and γ-cytoplasmic actins in normal cells were shown. Similar results were obtained in cancer cells compared with normal epithelial cells in culture and in human pathological tissue sections of mammary gland, colon, lung and cervix. Malignant cell transformation requires changes in the ability of cells to migrate. The disruption of actin cytoskeleton and intercellular adhesions is an important component of the acquisition of invasive properties in epithelial malignancies.

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