Advances in Molecular OncologyAdvances in Molecular OncologyУспехи молекулярной онкологии2313-805X2413-3787Publishing House ABV Press9910.17650/2313-805X-2017-4-3-27-36REVIEW ARTICLESОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИMicroRNA-155-5p in pathogenesis of cancerМикроРНК-155-5p в патогенезе онкологических заболеванийZborovskayaI. B.ЗборовскаяИ. Б.
Russian Federation

24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478.

115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24.

zborovskaya@mail.ruKomel’kovA. V.КомельковА. В.
Russian Federation

24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478.

115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24.

Research Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia.НИИ канцерогенеза ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России.150920174327361610201716102017Copyright ©; 2017, Zborovskaya I.B., Komel’kov A.V.Copyright ©; 2017, Зборовская И.Б., Комельков А.В.2017Zborovskaya I.B., Komel’kov A.V.Зборовская И.Б., Комельков А.В.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://umo.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/99

MicroRNA miR-155 is one of the most characterized and actively studied microRNAs that regulate processes closely related to carcinogenesis, including cell differentiation, adhesion, migration and invasion of the tumor cells, metastasis, apoptosis and immunosuppression.  In addition, this miRNA is involved in differentiation of hematopoetic cells and developing of inflammation. The association between specific deregulation of the expression of miR-155 and carcinogenesis is confirmed by a number of both fundamental and clinical studies and is due to the posttranscriptional regulation of the most important genes of the tumor associated pathways. Modulation of the levels of expression  of miR-155 is associated with the emergence of a number of leukemias and lymphomas, as well as some solid tumors. An increase of the level of cellular and/or circulating miR-155 in some cancers can serve as a marker for progression and drug resistance. In addition, inhibition  of the expression of miR-155 can be a promising method for developing new approaches in antitumor therapy.

К числу наиболее охарактеризованных и активно изучаемых микроРНК, регулирующих процессы, тесно связанные с канцерогенезом, в том числе клеточную дифференцировку, адгезию, миграцию и инвазию опухолевых клеток, метастазирование, апоптоз и иммуносупрессию, относится miR-155. Кроме того, данная микроРНК вовлечена в дифференцировку гемопоэтических клеток, а также в развитие воспалительных реакций. Ассоциация между специфической дерегуляцией экспрессии miR-155 и канцерогенезом подтверждена целым рядом как фундаментальных, так и клинических исследований и обусловлена постранскрипционной регуляцией важнейших генов онкоассоциированных сигнальных путей. Модуляция уровней экспрессии miR-155 связана с возникновением целого ряда лейкозов и лимфом, а также некоторых солидных опухолей. Повышение уровня клеточной и / или циркулирующей miR-155 при некоторых онкологических заболеваниях может служить маркером прогрессирования и лекарственной устойчивости. Кроме того, ингибирование экспрессии miR-155 может оказаться перспективным методом разработки новых подходов к противоопухолевой терапии.

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